Answer:
Freezing point of solution is -4.39°C
Explanation:
Freezing point depression's formula:
ΔT = Kf . m . i
ΔT = Freezing point of pure solvent - Freezing point of solution
0°C - X = 1.86°C/m . m . 2
i = Van't Hoff factor, ions dissolved in solution
MgCl₂ → Mg²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ i = 3 → 1 mol of Mg and 2 mol of chloride
Let's think the molality (mol/kg)
First of all, let's convert the mass of solvent from g to kg
100 g / 1000 = 0.1 kg
Molality (mol/kg) = 0.118 mol / 0.1 kg = 1.18 m
0°C - X = 1.86°C/m . 1.18 m . 2
X = - 4.39°C
Answer:
appears to be moving back toward unmanned exploration in the form of deep-space satellite exploration.
Explanation:
NASA moved from unmanned probing of space in its initial stage of space exploration to manned space exploration and moon landing and now has gone back to unmanned exploration into deeper space. Deep space is not completely known yet, and the exploration take year and are probably very dangerous for manned exploration for now.
Answer:
The pH of a solution is simply a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions,
H
+
, which you'll often see referred to as hydronium cations,
H
3
O
+
.
More specifically, the pH of the solution is calculated using the negative log base
10
of the concentration of the hydronium cations.
∣
∣
∣
∣
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
a
a
pH
=
−
log
(
[
H
3
O
+
]
)
a
a
∣
∣
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Now, we use the negative log base
10
because the concentration of hydronium cations is usually significantly smaller than
1
.
As you know, every increase in the value of a log function corresponds to one order of magnitude.
Explanation:
