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Vitek1552 [10]
3 years ago
9

Una solución contiene 25.10 ml de H2SO4 (densidad de 1.34 g/ml). Calcular la molaridad, moralidad, normalidad, fracción molar de

l soluto y fracción molar del solvente sabiendo que el ácido está disuelto en 426 ml de agua
Chemistry
1 answer:
aliina [53]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Molaridad: 0.80 mol/L

Molalidad: 0.80 mol/kg

Xst: 0.014

Xsv: 0.986

N: 1.6 Eq/L

Explanation:

Volumen de soluto: 25.10 mL (ácido sulfúrico)

Volumen de solvente: 426 mL (agua)

Sabemos que la densidad del acido es 1.34 g/mL, por lo que podemos calcular así la masa de ácido en solución:

1.34 g/mL = masa / volumen

1.34 g/mL . 25.10 mL = 33.6 g

Con la masa molar, calculamos moles: 33.6 g . 1 mol / 98g = 0.343 moles

Molaridad: (moles de 1 soluto en 1 L de solución)

Convertimos mL a L, asumimos que el volumen de solvente es el volumen total: 426 mL . 1L / 1000 mL = 0.426 L

0.343 mol / 0.426 L =  0.80 M

No existe moralidad en Quimica, asumo que es molalilad

La molalidad señala moles de soluto en 1 Kg de solvente. Necesitamos la masa de solvente que calculamos a traves de la densidad del agua:

1 g/ mL = masa / volumen

1 g/mL . 426 mL = 426 g de solvente

Convertimos a kg → 426 g . 1 kg / 1000 g = 0.426 kg

0.343 mol / 0.426 kg = 0.80 m

Para las fracciones molares sumamos los moles de cada compuesto

Moles de soluto + moles de solvente = Moles totales

Xst = moles de soluto / moles totales

Xsv = moles de solvente / moles totales

Los moles de solvente son: 426 g . 1mol / 18g = 23.67 moles

0.343 mol st + 23.67 mol sv = 24.013 moles

Xst = 0.343 / 24.013 = 0.014

Xsv = 23.67 / 24.013 = 0.986

La normalidad señala la cantidad de equivalentes de soluto, contenidas en 1L de solución:

Se calculan los Eq como (masa molar / N° de H⁺ u OH⁻ si es base)

Eq acido sulfurico = 98 g / 2 = 49 Eq

(Dividido 2 porque son 2 H⁺)

Eq acido sulfurico en 33.6 g = 33.6 g / 49 → 0.686 Eq

N = 0.686 Eq / 0.426 L → 1.61 N

Si la cantidad de H⁺ para un acido o de OH⁻ para una base es 1:

Molaridad = Normalidad

Si la cantidad es el doble podemos decir:

2 . M = N

Si verificamos, 2 . 0.8 M = 1.6 N

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Answer:

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Molality (m) is defined as moles of solute that are dissolved in 1000g (1kg) of solvent. In this case, the molality of the ions is requested, so it should be borne in mind that when the NaCl salt dissolves in the water, it dissociates forming ions as follows:

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