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Vitek1552 [10]
3 years ago
9

Una solución contiene 25.10 ml de H2SO4 (densidad de 1.34 g/ml). Calcular la molaridad, moralidad, normalidad, fracción molar de

l soluto y fracción molar del solvente sabiendo que el ácido está disuelto en 426 ml de agua
Chemistry
1 answer:
aliina [53]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Molaridad: 0.80 mol/L

Molalidad: 0.80 mol/kg

Xst: 0.014

Xsv: 0.986

N: 1.6 Eq/L

Explanation:

Volumen de soluto: 25.10 mL (ácido sulfúrico)

Volumen de solvente: 426 mL (agua)

Sabemos que la densidad del acido es 1.34 g/mL, por lo que podemos calcular así la masa de ácido en solución:

1.34 g/mL = masa / volumen

1.34 g/mL . 25.10 mL = 33.6 g

Con la masa molar, calculamos moles: 33.6 g . 1 mol / 98g = 0.343 moles

Molaridad: (moles de 1 soluto en 1 L de solución)

Convertimos mL a L, asumimos que el volumen de solvente es el volumen total: 426 mL . 1L / 1000 mL = 0.426 L

0.343 mol / 0.426 L =  0.80 M

No existe moralidad en Quimica, asumo que es molalilad

La molalidad señala moles de soluto en 1 Kg de solvente. Necesitamos la masa de solvente que calculamos a traves de la densidad del agua:

1 g/ mL = masa / volumen

1 g/mL . 426 mL = 426 g de solvente

Convertimos a kg → 426 g . 1 kg / 1000 g = 0.426 kg

0.343 mol / 0.426 kg = 0.80 m

Para las fracciones molares sumamos los moles de cada compuesto

Moles de soluto + moles de solvente = Moles totales

Xst = moles de soluto / moles totales

Xsv = moles de solvente / moles totales

Los moles de solvente son: 426 g . 1mol / 18g = 23.67 moles

0.343 mol st + 23.67 mol sv = 24.013 moles

Xst = 0.343 / 24.013 = 0.014

Xsv = 23.67 / 24.013 = 0.986

La normalidad señala la cantidad de equivalentes de soluto, contenidas en 1L de solución:

Se calculan los Eq como (masa molar / N° de H⁺ u OH⁻ si es base)

Eq acido sulfurico = 98 g / 2 = 49 Eq

(Dividido 2 porque son 2 H⁺)

Eq acido sulfurico en 33.6 g = 33.6 g / 49 → 0.686 Eq

N = 0.686 Eq / 0.426 L → 1.61 N

Si la cantidad de H⁺ para un acido o de OH⁻ para una base es 1:

Molaridad = Normalidad

Si la cantidad es el doble podemos decir:

2 . M = N

Si verificamos, 2 . 0.8 M = 1.6 N

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