What is a measure of the consistency and stability of test scores when readministered at different times?
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When light moves from a medium with higher refractive index to a medium with lower refractive index, the critical angle is the angle above which there is no refracted light, and all the light is reflected. The value of this angle is given by
where n2 and n1 are the refractive indices of the second and first medium, respectively.
In the first part of the problem, light moves from glass to air (
) and the critical angle is 
. This means that we can find the refractive index of glass by re-arranging the previous formula:
Now the glass is put into water, whose refractive index is
. If light moves from glass to water, the new critical angle will be
where n2 and n1 are the refractive indices of the second and first medium, respectively.
In the first part of the problem, light moves from glass to air (
Now the glass is put into water, whose refractive index is
Explanation:
First consider that each hand works as a fulcrum: a pivot point where the barbell can rotate.
Now consider only the left hand. If the center of mass of the barbell is between hands (in the middle) it is displaced respect the fulcrum, therefore the weight which is pushing the bar downwards becomes a rotational force. The same thing happens to the other hand. Now, if more weight is added to the left hand the center of mass is displaced towards the left hand and depending how much weight is added, the center of mass will change its position and therefore the torque each hand experiences changes.
If the center of mass is still between hands: The torque remains almost the same changing only the magnitudes but not the direction.
If the center of mass is on the hand: there is no torque for the left hand because there is no leaver.
If the center of mass is to the left: now the torque changes direction and both hands need to stop it in the same direction.
(see diagram below)
