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bulgar [2K]
2 years ago
11

A new planet has been discovered and given the name Planet X . The mass of Planet X is estimated to be one-half that of Earth, a

nd the radius of Planet X is estimated to be twice that of Earth. The estimated mass and radius of Planet X are used to calculate the minimum escape speed, vc , for an object launched from the surface of the planet. If the actual mass and/or radius of the planet are slightly different from the estimated values.
Required:
How will the actual escape speed va for the surface of Planet X compare to vc?
Physics
1 answer:
harina [27]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

    vₐ = v_c  ( \ 1 + \frac{1}{2} ( \frac{\Delta M}{M} - \frac{\Delta R}{R}) \ )

Explanation:

To calculate the escape velocity let's use the conservation of energy

starting point. On the surface of the planet

          Em₀ = K + U = ½ m v_c² - G Mm / R

final point. At a very distant point

         Em_f = U = - G Mm / R₂

energy is conserved

           Em₀ = Em_f

           ½ m v_c² - G Mm / R = - G Mm / R₂

           v_c² = 2 G M (1 /R -  1 /R₂)

if we consider the speed so that it reaches an infinite position R₂ = ∞

           v_c = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R} }

now indicates that the mass and radius of the planet changes slightly

            M ’= M + ΔM = M ( 1+ \frac{\Delta M}{M} )

            R ’= R + ΔR = R ( 1 + \frac{\Delta R}{R} )

we substitute

           vₐ = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R} } \  \frac{\sqrt{1+ \frac{\Delta M}{M} } }{ \sqrt{1+ \frac{ \Delta R}{R} } }

         

let's use a serial expansion

           √(1 ±x) = 1 ± ½ x +…

we substitute

         vₐ = v_ c ( (1 + \frac{1}{2}  \frac{\Delta M}{M} )  \ ( 1 - \frac{1}{2}  \frac{\Delta R}{R} ))

we make the product and keep the terms linear

        vₐ = v_c  ( \ 1 + \frac{1}{2} ( \frac{\Delta M}{M} - \frac{\Delta R}{R}) \ )

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Setler79 [48]

Answer:

Position A/Position E

K = E, U = 0

Position B/Position D

K = (1-x)\cdot E, U = x\cdot E, for 0 < x < 1

Position C

K = 0, U = E

Explanation:

Let suppose that ball-Earth system represents a conservative system. By Principle of Energy Conservation, total energy (E) is the sum of gravitational potential energy (U) and translational kinetic energy (K), all measured in joules. In addition, gravitational potential energy is directly proportional to height (h) and translational kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of velocity.

Besides, gravitational potential energy is increased at the expense of translational kinetric energy. Then, relative amounts at each position are described below:

Position A/Position E

K = E, U = 0

Position B/Position D

K = (1-x)\cdot E, U = x\cdot E, for 0 < x < 1

Position C

K = 0, U = E

3 0
2 years ago
Which object will have the most potential energy?
Svetradugi [14.3K]

Answer:  the most potential energy ==  5 kg book, 2 m from the ground= 98 Joules

Explanation:

potential energy = m g h

m = mass

g = acceleration due gravity  = 9.8 m/s²

h = distance above  ground

1.  Pe₁ = 1 kg x 2 m x g  = 2 g

2. Pe₂ = 5 kg x 2 m x g = 10 g = 10 kg m x 9,8 m/s² = 98 Joules

3. Pe₃ = 1 kg x 0,5 m x g = 0,5 g

4. Pe₄ = 5 kg x 0.5 m x g = 2,5 g  

10 > 2,5 > 2 >0,5

5 0
3 years ago
Why a drop of spirit on the hand feels colder than a drop of water at the same temperature​
brilliants [131]

Answer:

This is because spirit has a lower boiling point when compared to water

Explanation:

spirit has a lower boiling point when compared to water which means it has the capacity to pull more heat from your hand and also it can do this very fast. This is why our hand feels colder.

5 0
2 years ago
Se dispone de dos vasos con agua a 20 grados y queremos calentarlo hasta alcanzar 50 grados. Si el primero contiene 0,5l y el se
BigorU [14]

Answer:

The cup with 0.5L

Explanation:

To know what amount of water you take into account the specific heat of the water. The specific heat of water is:

c_{water}=4186\frac{J}{kg\°C}

Thus, 4186 J of energy are needed to icrease the temperature of 1 kg water in 1°C. Then, more grams of water will need more energy.

You have that one cup has 0.5 L and the other one has 750mL = 0.75L

The second cup of water will need more heat because the amount of water contained in the second cup is greater than in the first cup with 0.5L

4 0
3 years ago
Two children are riding on a merry-go-round that is rotating with a constant angular speed. Abbie is one meter from the center o
klio [65]

Answer:

The acceleration of Abbie is half of the Zak's.

Explanation:

The centripetal acceleration of an object on a circular path is given by :

a=r\omega^2

Two children are riding on a merry-go-round that is rotating with a constant angular speed. Let r_1 is distance of Abbie from the merry-go-round and r_2 is distance of Zak's from the merry-go-round. Acceleration of Abbie is :

a_1=r_1\omega^2 ...... (1)

r_1=1\ m

Acceleration of Zak's is :

a_2=r_2\omega^2 .......(2)

r_2=2\ m

Dividing equation (1) and (2) we get :

\dfrac{a_1}{a_2}=\dfrac{r_1}{r_2}\\\\\dfrac{a_1}{a_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\\a_1=\dfrac{a_2}{2}

So, the acceleration of Abbie is half of the Zak's.

7 0
3 years ago
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