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galina1969 [7]
3 years ago
7

Based on the diagram above, nitromethane has a chemical formula of CH

Chemistry
1 answer:
Ede4ka [16]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Nitromethane, sometimes shortened to just Nitro, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH

3NO

2. It is the simplest organic nitro compound. It is a polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent. As an intermediate in organic synthesis, it is used widely in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, explosives, fibers, and coatings.[12] Nitromethane is used as a fuel additive in various motorsports and hobbies, e.g. Top Fuel drag racing and miniature internal combustion engines in radio control, control line and free flight model aircraft.

Explanation:

Preparation

Nitromethane is produced industrially by combining propane and nitric acid in the gas phase at 350–450 °C (662–842 °F). This exothermic reaction produces the four industrially significant nitroalkanes: nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane. The reaction involves free radicals, including the alkoxyl radicals of the type CH3CH2CH2O, which arise via homolysis of the corresponding nitrite ester. These alkoxy radicals are susceptible to C—C fragmentation reactions, which explains the formation of a mixture of products.[12]

Laboratory methods

It can be prepared in other methods that are of instructional value. The reaction of sodium chloroacetate with sodium nitrite in aqueous solution produces this compound:[13]

ClCH2COONa + NaNO2 + H2O → CH3NO2 + NaCl + NaHCO

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Elements occur in a number of isotopic forms. In this problem, you will learn about the notation used to distinguish different i
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Answer:

  • <em>Number of protons, Z = 14</em>
  • <em>Number of neutrons, N = 14</em>

Explanation:

<u>1) About isotopes:</u>

<em>Isotopes</em> are different kind of atoms of the same element. Hence, they have the atomic number (Z), which is the number of <em>protons</em>, the same number of electrons (talking about to neutral atoms, not ions), and different <em>number of neutrons N).</em>

This is, it is the number of neutrons what distinguish different isotopes of an element.

<u>2) About the notation used to distinguish different isotopes:</u>

A superscript and a subscript, both to the left of the chemical symbol of the element, are used to <em>distinguish different isotopes</em>:

       A ←------------- This superscript tells the mass number of the isotope

           X ←--------- This is the chemical symbol of the element

      Z ←-------------- This subscript is the atomic number of isotope

In our case, the notiation for the isotope of silicon is:  ²⁸₁₄ Si

So, we have:

  • 28 is the mass number (A)
  • 14 is the atomic number (Z)
  • Si is the chemical symbol.

Now, you can answer the questions of the <em>part A</em>:

  • Number of protons: Z = 14
  • Number of neutrons N:

       mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

                   A         =                 Z              +                N

⇒ N = A - Z = 28 - 14 = 14

In <u>conclusion</u>:

  • Number of protons, Z = 14
  • Number of neutrons, N = 14
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Answer:

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Explanation:

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