The relationship between pH and pKa of buffer solution in given atomic view:
In figure I pH= pKa ( since [HA] =[A-] )
In figure II pH > pKa ( since [A-] > [HA] )
In figure III pH < pKa ( since [A-] < [HA] )
The pH and pKa are related by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. It should not be used for concentrated solutions, extremely low pH acids, or extremely high pH bases because it is simply an approximation.
pH = pKa + log(conjugate base/weak acid).
pH equals pKa plus log ([A-] / [HA]).
pH is determined by dividing the weak acid concentration by the log of the conjugate base concentration and the pKa value.
About halfway to the equivalence point:
pH = pKa
It's important to note that this equation is familiar with the connection because it is sometimes written for the Ka value rather than the pKa value.
pKa = – log Ka
Hence, value of pH depend on relative concentration of [A-] and HA]
To know more about Ka.
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One thing to notice in the question is, we are asked about molecular oxygen that has formula O2 not atomic oxygen O.
As we are asked about molecular oxygen, we will answer the question in terms of number of molecules that are present in 16 grams of molecular oxygen.
To get the number of molecules present in 16 grams of O2, we will use the formula:
No. of molecules = no. of moles x Avogadro's number (NA)----- eq 1)
As we know:
The number of moles = mass/ molar mass of molecule
Here we have been given mass already, 16 grams and the molar mass of O2 is 32 grams.
Putting the values in above formula:
= 16/32
= 0.5 moles
Putting the number of moles and Avogadro's number (6.02 * 10^23) in eq 1
No. of molecules = 0.5 x 6.02 * 10^23
=3.01 x 10^23 molecules
or 301,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 molecules
This means that 16 grams of 3.01 x 10^23 molecules of oxygen.
Hope it helps!
A serial dilution is the stepwise dilution of a substance in solution. Usually the dilution factor at each step is constant, resulting in a geometric progression of the concentration in a logarithmic fashion.
Answer:
Stage 1: 1 days.
Stage 2: 2-3 days.
Stage 3: 4-5 days.
Stage 4: 6 days.
Stage 5 (a-c): 7-12 days.
Stage 6: c. 17 days.
Stage 7: c. 19 days.
Stage 8: c. 23 days.
Answer:
Bacteria
Explanation:
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