Answer:
(a)The molar mass of the gene fragment is 18220.071g/mol = 18.22 kg/mol
(b)The freezing point for the aqueous solution is 
C
Explanation:
The osmotic pressure (π) is given by the following equation:
= Concentration of solution
R = universal gas constant = 62.364 
T = temperature
Weight of solute = w = 10.0 mg
Let the molecular weight of the solute be m g/mol.
Concentration = 
m = 18220.071g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of the gene fragment is 18220.071g/mol = 18.22 kg/mol
m is the molality of the solution.
m = 
mol/kg
= 
C
The freezing point for the aqueous solution is C
Explanation:
a) Using Beer-Lambert's law :
Formula used :
where,
A = absorbance of solution = 0.945
c = concentration of solution = ?
l = length of the cell = 1.20 cm
= molar absorptivity of this solution =
(
)
14.16 μM is the molarity of the red dye solution at the optimal wavelength 519nm and absorbance value 0.945.
b) 
1 L of solution contains 
moles of red dye.
Mass of moles of red dye:
c) In order to dilute red dye solution by 5 times, we will need to add 1 L of water to solution of given concentration.
Concentration of red dye solution = 
Concentration of red solution after dilution = c'
The final concentration of the diluted solution is 
Answer;
It is because nano particles have a large surface area compared to the powder.
Explanation;
-The rate of a chemical reaction can be raised by increasing the surface area of a solid reactant. This is done by cutting the substance into small pieces, or by grinding it into a powder.
-If the surface area of a reactant is increased, it means more particles are exposed to the other reactant.
Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of its components:
\text {P}_{\text{Total}} = \text P_{\text {gas 1}} + \text P_{\text {gas 2}} + \text P_{\text {gas 3}} ...P
Total
=P
gas 1
+P
gas 2
+P
gas 3
...
