The subatomic particle involved in chemical bonding is the electron. Electrons are the smallest of all subatomic particles and orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels called shells. Electrons are negatively charged and the nucleus is positively charged due to the protons.
The bubbles indicate that there is a gas dissolved in the liquid, which may remain dissolved when the liquid is very cold, inside the refrigerator.
When the temperature of the liquid increases, it reduces its ability to dissolve the gas and the gas escapes (bubbles) from the liquid.
At the end, the behavior of the liquid permits you to conclude that the liquid is a mixture because it has a gas dissolved in it.
There appears to be no table shown, but I can still answer. Aluminum has 3 valence electrons
Just look at the number in front also called coefficient (you have to balance the equations first, but all the questions here are balanced, so no worries). for q1.
in the balanced equation, the number in front of aluminum oxide is 2 (2 - this number Al2O3) and for aluminium is 4 as in (4 Al). so the ratio is 2:4. simplified it is 1:2. or write it out fully
2 Al2O3: 4 Al
ignore everything after the number.
2:4
same as 1:2
Aluminium oxide to oxygen
2 Al2O3: 3 O2
2:3
aluminum to oxygen
4 Al: 3 O2
4:3
question 2
Mercury oxide to Mercury
2 HgO : 2 Hg
2:2
same as 1:1
Mercury oxide to oxygen
2 HgO : O2
since oxygen in this case does not have a number written in front of it, the default is 1.
2: 1.
you should be able to do the rest
