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melomori [17]
3 years ago
9

When my animal is to old to physically carry her baby what process can I use to still produce her young from her

Engineering
1 answer:
anygoal [31]3 years ago
7 0
Taking care of" is a very human term in the sense of care giving, but so is "parents", because animals do not retain family structures in the form humans do. The vast majority of animals do not recognize family members. Among predators, an aging parent, such as the male lion in a pride, would continue to be taken care of by the females just as they always were, until a stronger outside male ousted it. An aging silverback in a group of gorillas would eventually be challenged and overthrown by one of his sons. When the elder became too infirm to care for itself, it would go off by itself to die. The only animal species that modify their behavior due to familial bonds to accommodate the needs of an aging member of the family are Cetaceans (whales) and Pachyderms (elephants). Whales have been seen to bouy up an ailing member of the pod (an extended family) to keep it from sinking. Elephants have the closest family ties of all animals, the eldest surviving female, the Matriarch of a herd, might be the great, great, great grandmother to the youngest and the others in varying relationships, are mothers, grandmothers, children, sisters, aunts and cousins, the older always taking care of and sheltering the younger. They also shelter and accommodate the older. If one member is sick or too old to keep up, the rest of the herd will slow down to allow the lagging one to keep up. This "caring" behavior has its limitations. The herd will not endanger itself to stay with an ailing member who will never be able to keep up. However, when the Matriarch herself is dying of old age, and the herd is in an area where food and water are abundant, the rest of the herd will stay with her, comfort her with their trunks, caressing her, talking to her, vocalizing over her, never leaving her side. While some are foraging, there will always be a group around her comforting her and expressing their love. (Scientists used to dismiss that term as inapplicable to animals, but the evidence is overwhelming that higher animal species have the same emotions humans do.) The herd will remain with her body, mourning, for several days, and years later will still return to fondle her bones with their trunks. Eventually one of the Matriarch's daughters will be chosen as the one to follow, or even two in which case the herd would divide into two new herds, the daughters and their offspring of each new Matriarch following their own family line.
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A utility generates electricity with a 36% efficient coal-fired power plant emitting the legal limit of 0.6 lb of SO2 per millio
Mama L [17]

Answer:

a) 570 kWh of electricity will be saved

b) the amount of  SO₂ not be emitted or heat of electricity saved is 0.00162 ton/CLF

c) $1.296 can be earned by selling the SO₂ saved by a single CFL

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

a) How many kilowatt-hours of electricity would be saved?

first, we determine the total power consumption by the incandescent lamp

P_{incandescent} = 75 w × 10,000-hr = 750000 wh = 750 kWh

next, we also find  the total power consumption by the fluorescent lamp

P_{fluorescent} = 18 × 10000 = 180000 = 180 kWh

So the value of power saved will be;

P_{saved} = P_{incandescent}  - P_{fluorescent}

P_{saved} = 750 - 180

P_{saved}  = 570 kWh

Therefore, 570 kWh of electricity will be saved.

now lets find the heat of electricity saved in Bituminous

heat saved = energy saved per CLF / efficiency of plant

given that; the utility has 36% efficiency

we substitute

heat saved =  570 kWh/CLF / 36%

we know that; 1 kilowatt (kWh) = 3,412 btu per hour (btu/h)

so

heat saved =  570 kWh/CLF / 0.36 × (3412 Btu / kW-hr (

heat saved = 5.4 × 10⁶ Btu/CLF

i.e eat of electricity saved per CLF is 5.4 × 10⁶

b) How many 2,000-lb tons of SO₂ would not be emitted

2000 lb/tons = 5.4 × 10⁶ Btu/CLF

0.6 lb SO₂ / million Btu = x

so

x = [( 5.4 × 10⁶ Btu/CLF ) × ( 0.6 lb SO₂ /  million Btu )] / 2000 lb/tons

x = [( 5.4 × 10⁶ Btu/CLF ) × ( 0.6 lb SO₂ )] / [ ( 10⁶) × ( 2000 lb/ton) ]

x = 3.24 × 10⁶ / 2 × 10⁹

x = 0.00162 ton/CLF

Therefore, the amount of  SO₂ not be emitted or heat of electricity saved is 0.00162 ton/CLF

c)  If the utility can sell its rights to emit SO2 at $800 per ton, how much money could the utility earn by selling the SO2 saved by a single CFL?

Amount = ( SO₂ saved per CLF ) × ( rate per CFL )

we substitute

Amount = 0.00162 ton/CLF × $800

= $1.296

Therefore; $1.296 can be earned by selling the SO₂ saved by a single CFL.

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Answer:

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A counter-flow double-piped heat exchange is to heat water from 20oC to 80oC at a rate of 1.2 kg/s. The heating is to be accompl
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Answer:

110 m or 11,000 cm

Explanation:

  • let mass flow rate for cold and hot fluid = M<em>c</em> and M<em>h</em> respectively
  • let specific heat for cold and hot fluid = C<em>pc</em> and C<em>ph </em>respectively
  • let heat capacity rate for cold and hot fluid = C<em>c</em> and C<em>h </em>respectively

M<em>c</em> = 1.2 kg/s and M<em>h = </em>2 kg/s

C<em>pc</em> = 4.18 kj/kg °c and C<em>ph</em> = 4.31 kj/kg °c

<u>Using effectiveness-NUT method</u>

  1. <em>First, we need to determine heat capacity rate for cold and hot fluid, and determine the dimensionless heat capacity rate</em>

C<em>c</em> = M<em>c</em> × C<em>pc</em> = 1.2 kg/s  × 4.18 kj/kg °c = 5.016 kW/°c

C<em>h = </em>M<em>h</em> × C<em>ph </em>= 2 kg/s  × 4.31 kj/kg °c = 8.62 kW/°c

From the result above cold fluid heat capacity rate is smaller

Dimensionless heat capacity rate, C = minimum capacity/maximum capacity

C= C<em>min</em>/C<em>max</em>

C = 5.016/8.62 = 0.582

          .<em>2 Second, we determine the maximum heat transfer rate, Qmax</em>

Q<em>max</em> = C<em>min </em>(Inlet Temp. of hot fluid - Inlet Temp. of cold fluid)

Q<em>max</em> = (5.016 kW/°c)(160 - 20) °c

Q<em>max</em> = (5.016 kW/°c)(140) °c = 702.24 kW

          .<em>3 Third, we determine the actual heat transfer rate, Q</em>

Q = C<em>min (</em>outlet Temp. of cold fluid - inlet Temp. of cold fluid)

Q = (5.016 kW/°c)(80 - 20) °c

Q<em>max</em> = (5.016 kW/°c)(60) °c = 303.66 kW

            .<em>4 Fourth, we determine Effectiveness of the heat exchanger, </em>ε

ε<em> </em>= Q/Qmax

ε <em>= </em>303.66 kW/702.24 kW

ε = 0.432

           .<em>5 Fifth, using appropriate  effective relation for double pipe counter flow to determine NTU for the heat exchanger</em>

NTU = \\ \frac{1}{C-1} ln(\frac{ε-1}{εc -1} )

NTU = \frac{1}{0.582-1} ln(\frac{0.432 -1}{0.432 X 0.582   -1} )

NTU = 0.661

          <em>.6 sixth, we determine Heat Exchanger surface area, As</em>

From the question, the overall heat transfer coefficient U = 640 W/m²

As = \frac{NTU C{min} }{U}

As = \frac{0.661 x 5016 W. °c }{640 W/m²}

As = 5.18 m²

            <em>.7 Finally, we determine the length of the heat exchanger, L</em>

L = \frac{As}{\pi D}

L = \frac{5.18 m² }{\pi (0.015 m)}

L= 109.91 m

L ≅ 110 m = 11,000 cm

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