The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in molecular biology in order to amplify small segments of DNA (100 to 1000 bases). PCR uses a thermostable DNA Taq polymerase that adds nucleotides to the DNA template at the position specified by short single-stranded DNA primers that bind to this template by complementary base pairing during the annealing phase of the PCR cycle. Subsequently, the DNA polymerase adds deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) to the opposite DNA strand, this phase of the PCR cycle is known as the elongation phase. Finally, the resulting double-stranded DNA fragment is separated by heat during the denaturation step and this 3-step PCR cycle is repeated many times to amplify the target DNA region.
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs throughout the body.
Smooth muscle contractions are involuntary movements triggered by impulses that travel through the autonomic nervous system to the smooth muscle tissue.
<u>The smooth muscle of the alimentary canal or the digestive tract facilitates the peristaltic waves that move swallowed food and nutrients.</u>
This reaction gives the Starch and H2O as the reactants and Maltose as the product.
Amylase is an enzyme which helps in the digestion of Starch molecules and its activity can however be measured through careful monitoring of the disappearance of amylase substrate which is in this case, starch.
