Answer: solid.
Explanation:
Precipitate is the solid substance produced during a chemical reaction carried out in a solution.
The precipitate is formed when the reactants in a chemical reaction, which are in solution, form a compound that is insoluble, and so it cannot stand dissolved but precipiates, normally going to the bottom of the vessel, in solid form.
The phases in a chemical equation are indicated using letters inside parenthesis placed to the right of the chemical formula of each compound or element.
These are the common uses: s for solid, aq for aqueous solution, l for liquid, and g for gaseous.
This is an example:
2 NaOH (aq) + CuCl₂ (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + Cu (OH)₂ (s)
The phases are:
- Reactant side: NaOH and CuCl₂ are dissolved in water, which is indicated by the the word aq, meaning aqueous.
- Product side: NaCl is aqueous, and Cu(OH)₂ is in solid form, meaning that it is a precipitate.
The amount of heat energy needed to convert 400 g of ice at -38 °C to steam at 160 °C is 1.28×10⁶ J (Option D)
<h3>How to determine the heat required change the temperature from –38 °C to 0 °C </h3>
- Mass (M) = 400 g = 400 / 1000 = 0.4 Kg
- Initial temperature (T₁) = –25 °C
- Final temperature (T₂) = 0 °
- Change in temperature (ΔT) = 0 – (–38) = 38 °C
- Specific heat capacity (C) = 2050 J/(kg·°C)
- Heat (Q₁) =?
Q = MCΔT
Q₁ = 0.4 × 2050 × 38
Q₁ = 31160 J
<h3>How to determine the heat required to melt the ice at 0 °C</h3>
- Mass (m) = 0.4 Kg
- Latent heat of fusion (L) = 334 KJ/Kg = 334 × 1000 = 334000 J/Kg
- Heat (Q₂) =?
Q = mL
Q₂ = 0.4 × 334000
Q₂ = 133600 J
<h3>How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from 0 °C to 100 °C </h3>
- Mass (M) = 0.4 Kg
- Initial temperature (T₁) = 0 °C
- Final temperature (T₂) = 100 °C
- Change in temperature (ΔT) = 100 – 0 = 100 °C
- Specific heat capacity (C) = 4180 J/(kg·°C)
- Heat (Q₃) =?
Q = MCΔT
Q₃ = 0.4 × 4180 × 100
Q₃ = 167200 J
<h3>How to determine the heat required to vaporize the water at 100 °C</h3>
- Mass (m) = 0.4 Kg
- Latent heat of vaporisation (Hv) = 2260 KJ/Kg = 2260 × 1000 = 2260000 J/Kg
- Heat (Q₄) =?
Q = mHv
Q₄ = 0.4 × 2260000
Q₄ = 904000 J
<h3>How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from 100 °C to 160 °C </h3>
- Mass (M) = 0.4 Kg
- Initial temperature (T₁) = 100 °C
- Final temperature (T₂) = 160 °C
- Change in temperature (ΔT) = 160 – 100 = 60 °C
- Specific heat capacity (C) = 1996 J/(kg·°C)
- Heat (Q₅) =?
Q = MCΔT
Q₅ = 0.4 × 1996 × 60
Q₅ = 47904 J
<h3>How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from –38 °C to 160 °C</h3>
- Heat for –38 °C to 0°C (Q₁) = 31160 J
- Heat for melting (Q₂) = 133600 J
- Heat for 0 °C to 100 °C (Q₃) = 167200 J
- Heat for vaporization (Q₄) = 904000 J
- Heat for 100 °C to 160 °C (Q₅) = 47904 J
- Heat for –38 °C to 160 °C (Qₜ) =?
Qₜ = Q₁ + Q₂ + Q₃ + Q₄ + Q₅
Qₜ = 31160 + 133600 + 167200 + 904000 + 47904
Qₜ = 1.28×10⁶ J
Learn more about heat transfer:
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Answer:
0.42 M
Explanation:
The reaction that takes place is:
- Cu(CH₃COO)₂ + Na₂CrO₄ → Cu(CrO₄) + 2Na(CH₃COO)
First we <u>calculate the moles of Na₂CrO₄</u>, using the <em>given volume and concentration</em>:
(200 mL = 0.200L)
- 0.70 M * 0.200 L = 0.14 moles Na₂CrO₄
Now we <u>calculate the moles of Cu(CH₃COO)₂</u>, using its <em>molar mass</em>:
- 40.8 g ÷ 181.63 g/mol = 0.224 mol Cu(CH₃COO)₂
Because the molar ratio of Cu(CH₃COO)₂ and Na₂CrO₄ is 1:1, we can directly <u>substract the reacting moles of Na₂CrO₄ from the added moles of Cu(CH₃COO)₂</u>:
- 0.224 mol - 0.14 mol = 0.085 mol
Finally we <u>calculate the resulting molarity</u> of Cu⁺², from the <em>excess </em>cations remaining:
- 0.085 mol / 0.200 L = 0.42 M
