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Answer:
q(problem 1) = 25,050 joules; q(problem 2) = 4.52 x 10⁶ joules
Explanation:
To understand these type problems one needs to go through a simple set of calculations relating to the 'HEATING CURVE OF WATER'. That is, consider the following problem ...
=> Calculate the total amount of heat needed to convert 10g ice at -10°C to steam at 110°C. Given are the following constants:
Heat of fusion (ΔHₓ) = 80 cal/gram
Heat of vaporization (ΔHv) = 540 cal/gram
specific heat of ice [c(i)] = 0.50 cal/gram·°C
specific heat of water [c(w)] = 1.00 cal/gram·°C
specific heat of steam [c(s)] = 0.48 cal/gram·°C
Now, the problem calculates the heat flow in each of five (5) phase transition regions based on the heating curve of water (see attached graph below this post) ... Note two types of regions (1) regions of increasing slopes use q = mcΔT and (2) regions of zero slopes use q = m·ΔH.
q(warming ice) = m·c(i)·ΔT = (10g)(0.50 cal/g°C)(10°C) = 50 cal
q(melting) = m·ΔHₓ = (10g)(80cal/g) 800 cal
q(warming water) = m·c(w)·ΔT = (10g)(1.00 cal/g°C)(100°C) = 1000 cal
q(evaporation of water) = m·ΔHv = (10g)(540cal/g) = 5400 cal
q(heating steam) = m·c(s)·ΔT = (10g)(0.48 cal/g°C)(10°C) = 48 cal
Q(total) = ∑q = (50 + 800 + 1000 + 5400 + 48) = 7298 cals. => to convert to joules, multiply by 4.184 j/cal => q = 7298 cals x 4.184 j/cal = 30,534 joules = 30.5 Kj.
Now, for the problems in your post ... they represent fragments of the above problem. All you need to do is decide if the problem contains a temperature change (use q = m·c·ΔT) or does NOT contain a temperature change (use q = m·ΔH).
Problem 1: Given Heat of Fusion of Water = 334 j/g, determine heat needed to melt 75g ice.
Since this is a phase transition (melting), NO temperature change occurs; use q = m·ΔHₓ = (75g)(334 j/g) = 25,050 joules.
Problem 2: Given Heat of Vaporization = 2260 j/g; determine the amount of heat needed to boil to vapor 2 Liters water ( = 2000 grams water ).
Since this is a phase transition (boiling = evaporation), NO temperature change occurs; use q = m·ΔHf = (2000g)(2260 j/g) = 4,520,000 joules = 4.52 x 10⁶ joules.
Problems containing a temperature change:
NOTE: A specific temperature change will be evident in the context of problems containing temperature change => use q = m·c·ΔT. Such is associated with the increasing slope regions of the heating curve. Good luck on your efforts. Doc :-)
The correct IUPAC name of 1,1,1-trimethylheptane is 2,2-dimethyloctane.
<h3>IUPAC NAME:</h3>It is systematic way of nomenclature of organic compounds.
It is based on the position of functional groups, preference of the functional group, long or short chain of carbon, preference of double bond, single and triple bond, branching of carbon chain, etc.
The given compound is 1,1,1-trimethylheptane.
The given name is wrong according to IUPAC name because the numbering of carbon atom should be done in that way in which the carbon atom chain is largest.
Here, in this case the numbering is done from right side. Thus the largest carbon chain have 8 carbon atom.
If the numbering is done according to the question, number of carbon atom in straight chain is 7.
Thus, we concluded that the Correct IUPAC name of 1,1,1-trimethylheptane is 2,2-dimethyloctane.
learn more about Nomenclature:
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