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2 years ago

Are the electron geometries of water and ammonia similar?

Chemistry

1 answer:

BlackZzzverrR [31]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

See Explanation

Explanation:

The electron geometries of water and ammonia are both based on a tetrahedron. The central atom in ammonia is nitrogen which is surrounded by four electron pairs; three bond pairs and one lone pair. In water, the central atom is oxygen surrounded by four electron pairs also; two bond pairs and two lone pairs. The presence of four electron pairs on the central atom of each molecule means that their electron geometries are both tetrahedral according to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.

However, due to the presence of lone pairs, the molecular geometry of water is bent(angular) while the molecular geometry of ammonia is trigonal pyramidal.

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Consider the following reaction at constant pressure. Use the information provided below to determine the value of ΔS at 473 K.

Elis [28]

Answer:

The reaction will be spontaneous

Explanation:

To determine if the reaction will be spontaneous or not at this temperature, we need to calculate the Gibbs's energy using the following formula:

$\Delta G= \Delta H - T * \Delta S$

If the Gibbs's energy is negative, the reaction will be spontaneous, but if it's positive it will not.

Calculating the $\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$ :

$\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$

Now, other factor we need to determine is the sign of the S variation. When talking about gases, the more moles you have in your system the more enthropic it is.

In this reaction you go from 7 moles to 8 moles of gas, so you can say that you are going from one enthropy to another higher than the first one. This results in: $\Delta S>0[/tex}Back to this expression: [tex]\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$

If the variation of S is positive, the Gibbs's energy will be negative always and the reaction will be spontaneous.

4 0

3 years ago

1. Calculate the energy of a photon with a frequency of 3x1015 Hz. ?????

Afina-wow [57]

Answer:

1.99 x 10⁻¹⁸J

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Frequency of the wave = 3 x 10¹⁵Hz

Unknown:

Energy of the photon = ?

Solution:

To solve this problem, we use the expression below;

E = hf

Where E is the energy, h is the Planck's constant and f is the frequency

Now insert the parameters and solve for E;

E = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ x 3 x 10¹⁵ = 19.9 x 10⁻¹⁹J or 1.99 x 10⁻¹⁸J

6 0

3 years ago

In sediments and waterlogged soil, dissolved O2 concentrations are so low that the microorganisms living there must rely on othe

kakasveta [241]

Answer:

1) SO₄ ²⁻ : (+6)

H₂S : (-2)

Explanation:

a) Sulfate reducers are widespread in muds and other sediments, water-logged soils, etc., environments that contain SO₄ ²⁻ and become anoxic as a result of microbial decomposition.

Sulfate (SO₄ ²⁻), the most oxidized form of sulfur (+6), is reduced by these

sulfate-reducing bacteria. The end product of sulfate reduction is hydrogen sulfide, H₂S, (oxidation number -2) an important natural product that participates in many biogeochemical processes. The H₂S they generate is responsible for the pungent smell (like that of rotten eggs) often encountered near coastal ecosystems. When sulfate-reducing bacteria grow, the H₂S formed from SO₄ ²⁻ reduction combines with the ferrous iron to form black, insoluble ferrous sulfide, which is not toxic. This is important for the conservation of the environment.

b) The net ionic equation under acidic conditions is:

4 H₂ + SO₄²⁻ + H⁺ → HS⁻ + 4 H₂O

Global reaction: SO₄²⁻ + 2H⁺ → H₂S + O₂

3 0

2 years ago

A 2.2 M solution is made by with 0.45 moles of a solute. What is the final volume of this solution?

Savatey [412]

Answer: The final volume of this solution is 0.204 L.

Explanation:

Given: Molarity of solution = 2.2 M

Moles of solute = 0.45 mol

Molarity is the number of moles of solute present divided by volume in liters.

$Molarity = \frac{no. of moles}{Volume (in L)}$

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

$Molarity = \frac{no. of moles}{Volume (in L)}\\2.2 M = \frac{0.45}{Volume}\\Volume = 0.204 L$

Thus, we can conclude that the final volume of this solution is 0.204 L.

7 0

2 years ago

Which scientist would best describe the motion of the earth?

Burka [1]

I think kepler would be the one to best describe the motion of hte earth because he has a space telescope named after him

5 0

3 years ago