The owner is usually the one who developed the menu.
Answer:
59% - a)increase - b)decrease
Explanation:
First of all, we should say that the real exchange rate is calculated by multiplying the nominal exchange rate for the price index and then divide it by the price index of the other country. In another language, using this case as the example, the first nominal exchange rate is 50, as you need 50 rupees to buy 1 dollar. So to calculate the real exchange rate you need to multiply 50 by 100 (the price index of USA) and then divide it by 100 (the price index of India). Note that both price indexes are 100, just a coincidence for making easier the question. Result: 50.
Then we calculate the next real exchange rate: multiply 60 (the new nominal exchange rate) by 106 (the new US price index) and divide by 80 (the new India price index). This throws a result of 79,5. We see a 29,5 increase, and 29,5 represents 59% of 50 (the initial real exchange rate).
Then both questions is more common sense than the reading of the results we just calculated. For example, nominal exchange rate changed from 50 to 60, so the people in India will now have to collect 10 more rupees to buy the same dollar. Let's suppose a pair of shoes in USA costs 40 dollars. Before, Indians needed 2000 rupees to buy it. Now they will need 2400 rupees... it will be more expensive. Plus, the prices of USA had gone up 6%, which means the pair of shoes will now cost 42,4 dollars... even more expensive! As products in USA are more expensive, we can expect that India's consumption of American goods will decrease (law of demand).
With the American consumption of Indian goods happens the opposite, the goods in India became cheaper (price index has fallen), and for the Americans, the same dollars they had will buy more rupees when the exchange rate changed to 60.
Answer:
Water freight is a very important method of transportation and is the second cheapest (railroad is the cheapest). Huge volumes can be shipped at relatively low prices which is extremely important for raw materials and commodities.
The problem with water freight is that it is relatively slow though. Another problem that water freight faces is that it is cheap for medium and long distances, but uneconomical for short ones.
A great impediment for the technological progress of water freight is that most ports are obsolete and have not been updated in many years. Updating them is very expensive and many of them are public ports which doesn't help either.
Most new carrier ships (which are very high tech) are probably too big to fit into most US ports, so even if a carrier company invests huge amounts of money in them, where will they them? Technological progress must start with the ports, then water carriers should improve.
Another problem is that regulation is very loose in the US, especially regarding maritime ports.
Nordstrom, an upscale department store, has a well-known reputation for going the extra mile to serve its customers. This reputation for excellent customer service will most likely result in a sustainable competitive advantage.
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Explanation:</u></h3>
When a firm offers its customers with any products that has higher quality and benefits or lower price that its competitors then it refer to the competitive advantage. It is the advantage that the firm attains when compared with their competitors.
There are many different kinds of competitive advantage that can be used by a firm such as cost, product differentiation, niche strategies, etc. It is the thing that is absent in the competitors. In the given example, Nordstrom has well known reputation for the service that it gives for its customers and hence it is the likely result of sustainable competitive advantage.
