Help I can’t figure it out.

How to first ionization energies vary within groups and across periods

trapecia [35]

Answer:

Ionisation energy increases along a period but decreases down a group

Explanation:

As you go along the period, the amount of protons in the nuclear increases. This causes nuclear attraction to increase meaning the attraction between the protons and the electrons is higher. This causes the electrons to be held more tightly to the nucleus meaning they are harder to remove. As well as that, the shielding stays the same along a period since the electrons are being added to the same shell, just different orbitals. Overall this makes it harder to remove an electron as you go along a period causing the ionisation energy to increase along a period.

On the other hand when you go down a group, the atomic radius increases. This is because the electrons are added to new shells which are further away from the nucleus, this also causes shielding to increase as there are more shells. This means the outer electrons being removed are held less tightly by the protons in the nucleus meaning they are easier to remove. This means that the ionisation energy decrease down a group.

8 0

3 years ago

Most of the sulfur used in the United States is chemically synthesized from hydrogen sulfide gas recovered from natural gas well

Harlamova29_29 [7]

Answer: Rate of production of Sulfur dioxide is 0.15kg/s to 2 significant digits

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:

Most of the used in the United States is chemically synthesized from hydrogen sulfide gas recovered from natural gas wells. In the first step of this synthesis, called the Claus process, hydrogen sulfide gas is reacted with dioxygen gas to produce gaseous sulfur dioxide and water Suppose a chemical engineer studying a new catalyst for the Claus reaction finds that 198. liters per second of dioxygen are consumed when the reaction is run at 186. °C and 0.69 atm. Calculate the rate at which sulfur dioxide is being produced. Give your answer in kilograms per second. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Explanation:

The balanced equation of the reaction between hydrogen sulfide gas and dioxygen gas to produce sulfur dioxide and water is as follows:

2H₂S(g) + 3O₂(g) ---> 2SO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)

From the equation above, 3 moles of dioxide yields 2 moles of sulfur dioxide.

Using the ideal gas equation to determine the number of moles of dioxygen present in 198 litres of the gas at 186. °C and 0.69 atm;

PV = nRT,

where P = 0.69atm, V = 198Litres, R (molar gas constant) = 0.082atmLK⁻¹mol⁻¹, T = 186. °C = 459K

n = PV/RT

n = 0.69*198*/(0.082*459)

n = 3.63moles of dioxygen

Therefore, 3.63 moles of dioxygen are consumed per second

Using the mole ratio from the equation of reaction,

number of moles of sulfur dioxide produced will be 3.63moles * 2/3 = 2.42moles

Therefore, the number of moles of sulfur dioxide consumed is 2.42 moles per second.

Converting to kilograms per second,

1 mole of sulfur dioxide weighs 64g (molar mass of sulfur dioxide)

2.42 moles weighs 2.42*64g =154.88g or 0.15488Kg which is approximately 0.15Kg

Therefore, rate of production of Sulfur dioxide is 0.15kg/s to 2 significant digits

8 0

3 years ago

What is the solubility of ethylene (in units of grams per liter) in water at 25 °C, when the C2H4 gas over the solution has a pa

vredina [299]

Answer: The solubility of ethylene gas in water is $9.16\times 10^{-2}g/L$

Explanation:

To calculate the molar solubility, we use the equation given by Henry's law, which is:

$C_{C_2H_4}=K_H\times p_{C_2H_4}$

where,

$K_H$ = Henry's constant = $4.78\times 10^{-3}mol/L.atm$

$C_{C_2H_4}$ = molar solubility of ethylene gas = ?

$p_{C_2H_4}$ = partial pressure of ethylene gas = 0.684 atm

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$C_{C_2H_4}=4.78\times 10^{-3}mol/L.atm\times 0.684atm\\\\C_{C_2H_4}=3.27\times 10^{-3}mol/L$

Converting this into grams per liter, by multiplying with the molar mass of ethylene:

Molar mass of ethylene gas = 28 g/mol

So, $C_{C_2H_6}=3.27\times 10^{-3}mol/L\times 28g/mol=9.16\times 10^{-2}g/L$

Hence, the solubility of ethylene gas in water is $9.16\times 10^{-2}g/L$

6 0

3 years ago

Assuming we have 100.0 g of element A, how much will be left after 4 half lives?

Vlada [557]

Answer:

25

Explanation:

because 100 divided by4 is 25

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

¿De que dependen las propiedades del grafeno?

slamgirl [31]

Answer:

di ko maintindihan anggulo ng isinulat

6 0

3 years ago