Answer:
The small car and the truck experience the same average force.
Explanation:
Here we need to remember two of Newton's laws.
The second one says that:
F = m*a
force equals mass times acceleration.
And the third one says that;
"If an object A exerts a force on object B, then object B must exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction back on object A"
From the third law, if the car experiences a force F due to the impact with the truck, then the truck experiences the same force F due to the impact.
But this seems odd, because we would expect to see the car being more affected by the impact, right?
Well, this is explained by the second law.
Suppose that the mass of the car is m, and the mass of the truck is M.
such that M > m
Then for the small car we have:
F = m*a
And for the truck:
F = M*a'
Because the force is the same for both of them, we can write:
m*a = M*a'
a = (M/m)*a'
because M > m, then M/m > 1.
This means that the acceleration that the car experiences is larger than the acceleration for the truck, and this is why we would see that the car seems more affected by the impact, regardless of the fact that both vehicles experience the same force in the impact.
. Re-arranging the formula, we can calculate the time t needed to do this amount of work: