Question

Given that the nucleophilic substitution reaction used 5.0 mL of t-pentyl alcohol and 12.0 mL of conc. hydrochloric acid to produce t-pentyl chloride, what is the theoretical yield of t-pentyl chloride, in grams

Answer 1

Answer:

4.90 g

Explanation:

Given that:

volume of t-pentyl alcohol = 5 mL

the standard density of t-pentyl alcohol = 0.805 g/mL

Recall that:

density = mass(in wt) /volume

mass = density × volume

mass = 0.805 g/mL × 5 mL

mass = 4.03 g

Volume of HCl used = 12 mL

The reaction for this equation is shown in the image attached below.

From the reaction,

88.15 g of t-pentyl alcohol reacts with concentrated HCl to yield 106.59 g pf t-pentyl chloride.

4.03 g of t-pentyl alcohol forms,

$= \dfrac{106.59 \ g \times 4.03 \ g}{88.15 \ g}$ of t-pentyl chloride.

Therefore,

Theoretical yield of t-pentyl chloride = 4.90 g