Answer: hardness
Explanation:
Hardness is a measure of a material's ability to resist plastic deformation. In other words, it is a measure of how resistant material is to denting or scratching. Diamond, for example, is a very hard material. It is extremely difficult to dent or scratch a diamond. In contrast, it is very easy to scratch or dent most plastics.
Answer:
The maximum theoretical height that the pump can be placed above liquid level is 
Explanation:
To pump the water, we need to avoid cavitation. Cavitation is a phenomenon in which liquid experiences a phase transition into the vapour phase because pressure drops below the liquid's vapour pressure at that temperature. As a liquid is pumped upwards, it's pressure drops. to see why, let's look at Bernoulli's equation:

(
stands here for density,
for height)
Now, we are assuming that there aren't friction losses here. If we assume further that the fluid is pumped out at a very small rate, the velocity term would be negligible, and we get:


This means that pressure drop is proportional to the suction lift's height.
We want the pressure drop to be small enough for the fluid's pressure to be always above vapour pressure, in the extreme the fluid's pressure will be almost equal to vapour pressure.
That means:

We insert that into our last equation and get:

And that is the absolute highest height that the pump could bear. This, assuming that there isn't friction on the suction pipe's walls, in reality the height might be much less, depending on the system's pipes and pump.
Orthographic projection, common method of representing three-dimensional objects, usually by three two-dimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawling.
is the volume of the sample when the water content is 10%.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Given Data:

First has a natural water content of 25% =
= 0.25
Shrinkage limit, 

We need to determine the volume of the sample when the water content is 10% (0.10). As we know,
![V \propto[1+e]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=V%20%5Cpropto%5B1%2Be%5D)
------> eq 1

The above equation is at
,

Applying the given values, we get

Shrinkage limit is lowest water content

Applying the given values, we get

Applying the found values in eq 1, we get


Given:
Temperature of water,
=
=273 +(-6) =267 K
Temperature surrounding refrigerator,
=
=273 + 21 =294 K
Specific heat given for water,
= 4.19 KJ/kg/K
Specific heat given for ice,
= 2.1 KJ/kg/K
Latent heat of fusion,
= 335KJ/kg
Solution:
Coefficient of Performance (COP) for refrigerator is given by:
Max
= 
=
= 9.89
Coefficient of Performance (COP) for heat pump is given by:
Max
= 
= 10.89