Answer:
The principal stresses are σp1 = 27 ksi, σp2 = -37 ksi and the shear stress is zero
Explanation:
The expression for the maximum shear stress is given:

Where
σx = stress in vertical plane = 20 ksi
σy = stress in horizontal plane = -30 ksi
τM = 32 ksi
Replacing:

Solving for τxy:
τxy = ±19.98 ksi
The principal stress is:

Where
σp1 = 20 ksi
σp2 = -30 ksi
(equation 1)
equation 2
Solving both equations:
σp1 = 27 ksi
σp2 = -37 ksi
The shear stress on the vertical plane is zero
Answer: 
Explanation:
Given
Discharge is 
Diameter of pipe 
Distance between two ends of pipe 
friction factor 
Average velocity is given by

Pressure difference is given by

Answer:
1. Yes, they are all necessary.
2. Both written and verbal communication skills are of the utmost importance in business, especially in engineering. Communication skills boost you or your teams' performance because they provide clear information and expectations to help manage and deliver excellent work.
Answer:
Explanation:
1. With the operands R0, R1, the program would compute AND operation and ADD operation .
2. The operands could truly be signed 2's complement encoded (i.e Yes) .
3. The overflow truly occurs when two numbers that are unsigned were added and the result is larger than the capacity of the register, in that situation, overflow would occur and it could corrupt the data.
When the result of an operation is smaller in magnitude than the smallest value represented by the data type, then arithmetic underflow will occur.