Answer:
a. HCl.
b. 0.057 g.
c. 1.69 g.
d. 77 %.
Explanation:
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In this case, since the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is:

Whereas there is 1:2 mole ratio between them.
a) Here, we can identify the limiting reactant as that yielded the fewest moles of hydrogen gas product via the 1:1 and 2:1 mole ratios:

Thus, since hydrochloric yields fewer moles of hydrogen than magnesium, we realize it is the limiting reactant.
b) Here, we use the molar mass of gaseous hydrogen (2.02 g/mol) to compute the mass:

c) Here, we compute the mass of magnesium associated with the yielded 0.0248 moles of hydrogen:

Thus, the mass of excess magnesium turns out:

d) Finally, we compute the percent yield, considering 0.044 g is the actual yield and 0.057 g the theoretical yield:

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MgBr2(aq) is an ionic compound which will have the releasing of 2 Br⁻ ions ions in water for every molecule of MgBr2 that dissolves.
MgBr2(s) --> Mg+(aq) + 2 Br⁻(aq)
[Br⁻] = 0.065 mol MgBr2/1L × 2 mol Br⁻ / 1 mol MgBr2 = 0.13 M
The answer to this question is [Br⁻] = 0.13 M
Butyl Alcohol on reaction with Oxygen produces Butyric Acid and Water.
The Balance Chemical equation is as follow,
C₄H₉OH + O₂ → C₄H₇O₂H + H₂O
Result: The equation given in statement is already balanced.