Answer:
a) ΔHvap=35.3395 kJ/mol
b) Tb=98.62 °C
Explanation:
Given the reaction:
C₇H₁₆ (l) ⇔ C₇H₁₆ (g)
Kp=P(C₇H₁₆) since the concentration ratio for a pure liquid is equal to 1.
When
T₁=50°C=323.15K ⇒P₁=0.179
T₂=86°C=359.15K ⇒P₂=0.669
The Clasius-Clapeyron equation is:



ΔHvap=35339.5 J/mol=35.3395 KJ/mol
Normal boiling point ⇒ P=1 atm
Hence, we find the normal boiling point where:
T₁=323.15K
P₁=0.179 atm
P₂=1 atm



T₂=371.77 K= 98.62 °C
Answer:
First ionization of lithium:
.
Second ionization of lithium:
.
Explanation:
The ionization energy of an element is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from an atom or ion of the element in gaseous state. (Refer to your textbook for a more precise definition.) Some features of the equation:
- Start with a gaseous atom (for the first ionization energy only) or a gaseous ion. Write the gaseous state symbol
next to any atom or ion in the equation. - The product shall contain one gaseous ion and one electron. The charge on the ion shall be the same as the order of the ionization energy. For the second ionization energy, the ion shall carry a charge of +2.
- Charge shall balance on the two sides of the equation.
First Ionization Energy of Li:
- The products shall contain a gaseous ion with charge +1
as well as an electron
. - Charge shall balance on the two sides. There's no net charge on the product side. Neither shall there be a charge on the reactant side. The only reactant shall be a lithium atom which is both gaseous and neutral:
.
- Hence the equation:
.
Second Ionization Energy of Li:
- The product shall contain a gaseous ion with charge +2:
as well as an electron
. - Charge shall balance on the two sides. What's the net charge on the product side? That shall also be the charge on the reactant side. What will be the reactant?
- The equation for this process is
.
Protons identity the element because the number of protons gives us the atomic number of each element
Answer:
Gasoline
Explanation:
Pure Substance: are those having same type of atoms or molecules.
Compound: one or more atoms of the element combine to form a compound.
Mixture: is combination of one or more substances mix together.
Homogeneous Mixture: are those which are not distinguish by naked eye but can be separated into its components by physical means
Heterogeneous mixture: are those which can be distinguishing by naked eye and can be separated into its components by physical means.
So keeping in mind the above definitions
Table salt:
The chemical formula of table salt is NaCl and it a pure compound not mixture.
Gasoline:
Gasoline is mixture of hydrocarbon, It contains small hydrocarbons ranging from 4 Carbon to 12 Carbon per molecule. it is a homogeneous mixture.
Aluminum:
Aluminum is a pure substance that is made up of same kind of atoms. so it is an element and not mixture. Its symbol is Al
Carbon dioxide:
Carbon dioxide is a pure compound and its chemical formula is CO₂ and not a mixture.
So, the write option is Gasoline.