What is the formulas for Calcium Chloride,Aluminium Sulphate and Sodium hydroxide. *

Suggest two reasons why the mass deposited was different from the expected value

asambeis [7]

Answer:

1) Dissolution of the copper anode

2) Time of the reaction

Explanation:

The figure shows the electrolysis of Copper Chloride using copper electrodes.

In aqueous solution, the ions present in the solution include: H⁺, OH⁻. Cu²⁺ Cl⁻

The half equations for the reaction are:

At rhe Anode (positive electrode) : 2Cl⁻(aq) - 2e = Cl₂(g)

At the Cathode (negative electrode) Cu²⁺ (aq) + 2e = Cu (s)

Hence copper ions are reduced at the cathode by gaining two electrons to form copper solid deposits. It is the mass of the deposited copper that the student measured over time.

Reasons why the actual mass is different from the expected mass

1) Dissolution of the copper Anode: The electrodes used for this experiment are copper electrodes as both the positive and negative electrode.

Under the influence of an electric current, the copper anode will dissolve by gaining electrons and go into solution as copper II ions (Cu²⁺). thereby increasing the amount of copper ions in solution.

The aqueous copper ions from the anode and from the copper chloride (CuCl₂ (aq) electrolyte will migrate to the negative cathode, gain electrons, and get deposited as pure copper solid. This increases the mass of copper solid deposited at the cathode.

2) Time: As the time of the reaction from zero to sixty (60) minutes under the influence of an electric current, more of the copper anode will dissolve, migrate to the cathode and get deposited as copper solid.

Hence as the time of the reaction increases, more of the copper ions will be deposited as copper solid thereby increasing the value of the actual mass of copper deposited.

4 0

3 years ago

When magnesium reacts with chlorine, magnesium ions, Mg2+, and chloride ions, Cl−are formed. In this reaction, magnesium atoms A

Slav-nsk [51]

<u>Answer:</u> In the reaction, magnesium atoms lose electrons.

<u>Explanation:</u>

An ionic compound is defined as the compound which is formed when electron gets transferred from one atom to another atom. These are usually formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal or a metal reacts with a polyatomic ion or a reaction between two polyatomic ions takes place.

Magnesium is 12th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration of $1s^22s^22p^63s^2$

This element will loose 2 electrons to form $Mg^{2+}$ ion

Chlorine is 17th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration of $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5$

This element will gain 1 electron to form $Cl^-$ ion

By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.

The ionic compound formed is $MgCl_2$

Hence, in the reaction, magnesium atoms lose electrons.

5 0

4 years ago

Sulfuryl chloride is in equilibrium with sulfur dioxide and chlorine gas: so2cl2(g) so2(g) + cl2(g) a system with a volume of 1.

Bess [88]

Answer:

Sulfuryl chloride decreases by -1/21 (-4.76%) (option c)

Explanation:

Denoting

sc= so2cl2(g)

s=so2(g)

c=cl2(g)

Assuming that the compression is an isothermal process , then reaction equilibrium constant in terms of pressure does not change

Kp= psc/ps*pc =

where p= partial pressures

Assuming ideal behaviour , then from Dalton's law,

Xsc₁=psc₁/P₁= psc₁/P₁ = 1 bar/(1 bar + 0.1 bar + 0.1 bar) = 5/6

Xs=ps₁/P₁ = 0.1/1.2=1/12

Xc=pc₁/P₁ = 0.1/1.2=1/12

since Xs=Xc → the reaction started as pure Sulfuryl chloride . Then representing ξ as the extent of reaction and n as the moles

nsc=nsc₀*(1-ξsc) , ns=nsc₀*ξsc , nc=nsc₀*ξsc → n=nsc +ns +nc = nsc₀*(1+ξsc)

therefore

Xs₁=ns₁/n₁=ξsc₁/(1+ξsc₁) → Xs₁*ξsc₁+Xs₁=ξsc₁ → ξsc₁=Xs₁/(1-Xs₁) = (1/12)/(11/12)= 1/11

then from the ideal gas law

ps₁*V₁=ns₁*R*T

after the reduction

ps₂V₂=ns₂*R*T

dividing both equations

(ps₂/ps₁)*(V₂/V₁)=(ns₂/ns₁)=nsc₀*ξsc₂/(nsc₀*ξsc₁) = ξsc₂/ξsc₁

ps₂ = ps₁ * (V₁/V₂) * (ξsc₂/ξsc₁)

since

psc₁*V₁=nsc₁*R*T , psc₂V₂=nsc₂*R*T → psc₂ = psc₁ * (V₁/V₂) * (1-ξsc₂)/(1-ξsc₁)

also knowing that

Kp= psc₁/ps₁² = psc₂/ps₂²

psc₂/ps₂² = psc₁/ps₁² * (V₁/V₂) * (1-ξsc₂)/(1-ξsc₁) / [(V₁/V₂) * (ξsc₂/ξsc₁) ]² =

1 = (V₂/V₁)(1-ξsc₂)*ξsc₁/ [(1-ξsc₁)*ξsc₂]

replacing ξsc₁= 1/11

1 = (V₂/V₁)(1-ξsc₂)/ξsc₂ *(1/10)

10 = (V₂/V₁)* (1/ξsc₂-1) → ξsc₂ = 1/(10*(V₁/V₂)+1)

therefore the extent of reaction varies with the volume reduction according to

ξsc₂ = 1/(10*(V₁/V₂)+1)

since V₁/V₂=2

ξsc₂ = 1/(10*2+1) = 1/21

therefore the decrease in moles of Sulfuryl chloride is

Δnsc/nsc₁ = (ξsc₂-ξsc₁)/(1-ξsc₁) = (1/21-1/11)/(10/11)= (11/21-1)/10 = -1/21 (-4.76%)

6 0

3 years ago

A 57.9 g sample of glass is cooled by 27.0°C. How much heat does it release?

liberstina [14]

Explanation:

A 57.9 g sample of glass is cooled by 2.70'C how much heat does it release

1560

3 0

3 years ago

If 0.756L of gas exerts a pressure of 94.6kPa, what would the volume be at standard pressure (101.33kPa)?

yaroslaw [1]

Answer:

The answer to your question is Volume = 0.7 l

Explanation:

Data

Volume 1 = V1 = 0.746 l

Pressure 1 = P1 = 94.6 kPa

Volume 2 = V2 = ?

Pressure 2 = 101.33 kPa

Process

To solve this process use Boyle's law.

P1V1 = P2V2

-Solve for V2

V2 = P1V1/P2

-Substitution

V2 = (94.6 x 0.746) / 101.33

-Simplification

V2 = 70.57 / 101.33

-Result

V2 = 0.696 l ≈ 0.7 l

4 0

4 years ago