Lithium was one of the metals studied by the American physicist Robert Millikan in his research on the photoelectric effect. Whe
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Answer:
James is correct here as the force of hand pushing upwards is always more than the force of hand pushing down
Explanation:
Here we know that one hand is pushing up at some distance midway while other hand is balancing the weight by applying a force downwards
so here we can say
Upwards force = downwards Force + weight of snow
while if we find the other force which is acting downwards
then for that force we can say that net torque must be balanced
so here we have
so here we have
so here we can say that upward force by which we push up is always more than the downwards force
Answer:
<u>r < a:</u>
<u>r = a:</u>
<u>a < r < b:</u>
<u>r = b:</u>
<u>b < r < c:</u>
E = 0
<u>r = c:</u>
<u>r < c:</u>
Explanation:
Gauss' Law will be applied to each region to find the E-field.
An imaginary sphere is drawn with radius r, which is equal to the point where the E-field is asked. The area of this imaginary sphere is multiplied by E, and this is equal to the charge enclosed by this imaginary surface divided by ε0.
<u>r<a:</u>
Since the ball is uniformly charged and not hollow, then the enclosed charge can be found by the following method: If the total ball has a charge -Q and volume V, then the enclosed part of the ball has a charge Q_enc and volume V_enc. Then;
Applying Gauss' Law:
The minus sign determines the direction of the field, which is towards the center.
<u>At r = a: </u>
<u>At a < r < b:</u>
The imaginary surface is drawn between the inner surface of the metal sphere and the smaller ball. In this case the enclosed charge is equal to the total charge of the ball, -Q.
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<u>At r = b:</u>
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Again, the minus sign indicates the direction of the field towards the center.
<u>At b < r < c:</u>
The hollow metal sphere has a net charge of +2Q. Since the sphere is a conductor, all of its charges are distributed across its surface. No charge is present within the sphere. The smaller ball has a net charge of -Q, so the inner surface of the metal sphere must possess a net charge of +Q. Since the net charge of the metal sphere is +2Q, then the outer surface of the metal should possess +Q.
Now, the imaginary surface is drawn inside the metal sphere. The total enclosed charge in this region is zero, since the total charge of the inner surface (+Q) and the smaller ball (-Q) is zero. Therefore, the Electric region in this region is zero.
E = 0.
<u>At r < c:</u>
The imaginary surface is drawn outside of the metal sphere. In this case, the enclosed charge is +Q (The metal (+2Q) plus the smaller ball (-Q)).
<u>At r = c:</u>