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iragen [17]
2 years ago
14

Amino acids are named after two of their functional groups: the amino group (NH2), which acts like a base, and the carboxyl grou

p (COOH), which acts like an acid. A third functional group, often called the R group, varies among the different types of amino acids. In alanine, the R group is a methyl group (CH3). In serine, the R group is a methyl alcohol (-CH2OH).
Biology
1 answer:
Lina20 [59]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

i do not see a question

Explanation:

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Age-associated changes in the immune system, also known as _______________________, are thought to be responsible for the increa
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Answer:

The correct answer is: Immunosenescence.

Explanation:

  • Immunosenescence can be defined as a biological age-related phenomenon due to which the cells of the immune system are unable to function efficiently with increase in age.
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  • This happens because of the following reasons:
  1. The immune cells are formed from the progenitor cells called the Hematopoetic Stem Cells (HSCs) which are abundantly found in the bone marrow. These cells have the capacity of self-renewal and also differentiation into various types of immune cells. Due to aging, these cells accumulate large number of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that that causes oxidative damage to the DNA. Also, with age the telomere (the repititive DNA sequence located at the chromosome terminal that protects the end of the chromosome from undergoing recombination or fusion with other chromosomes) length shortens resulting in the generation of damage in DNA. All these reduces the self renewal and differentiation capacity of these cells.
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3 years ago
What is the casparian strip? why is it important?
Andrej [43]

Answer and Explanation:

Most young roots have two main regions. An outer cortex and a central cylinder containing the vascular bundles.

The endodermis also referred to as starch sheath. Its cells have a casparian strip which is made up of an impervious waxy deposit on the radial and cross walls. It controls entry of water and dissolved salts into the vascular bundle.

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Answer:

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The cell membrane is very important to the cell structure. It helps hold everything within the cell and serves as a protective covering as well.

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3 years ago
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