In secondary succession, the pioneer species are plants that are adapted to exploit disturbances rather than bare rock. They typically include plants such as grasses, birch trees, and fireweed. Organic matter from the pioneer species improves the soil so other trees and plants can move into the area.
Answer:
1.) stromatolites
2.) photosynthesis
3.) Ordovician
4.) Cambrian
5.) oxygen
6.) As Earth cooled, carbon dioxide dissolved in the early ocean. Cyanobacteria consumed carbon dioxide and converted it to oxygen. Methane was removed from the atmosphere as oxygen was produced, eventually leading to the Cambrian Explosion.
7.) Metabolic processes that use oxygen produce more energy than anaerobic metabolism. Simple diffusion of oxygen would limit the size of a multicellular eukaryote, but animals evolved ways to transport oxygen to their tissues, which permitted an increase in size.
Explanation:
From Penn
Two minerals that exhibit fracture as a dominate form of breakage are quartz and olivine. <span />
