(3) It involves interactions between biotic and abiotic
factors.
Explanation:
An ecosystem involves the interaction between biotic and abiotic factors.
The biotic factors are the living components of the ecosystem. The abiotic factors are the non-living components.
An ecosystem is made up the interaction between living organisms and their environments.
- Ecosystem are combination of the community of lives and the environment.
- The environment contains the non-living abiotic components.
- The organisms are the living components.
- All of this merges together to form of the ecosystem.
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The modern definition of electronegativity is due to Linus Pauling. It is the power of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself.
When the electronegativity difference between the two atoms is greater than 2.0, the bond is considered ionic; i.e. there is complete transfer (between the two atoms) of the electrons in the bond. The electronegativity (according to Pauling scale) of chlorine is 3.0, while the electronegativity of sodium is 0.9.
So, electrons are transferred because of a larger electronegativity difference.
B) less
As if the atom has more electrons than protons it is negatively charged
sorry i don't know the answer i'm really sorry
