When an ion is formed, the number of protons does not change. ... By removing an electron from this atom we get a positively charged Na+ ionthat has a net charge of +1. Atoms that gain extra electrons become negatively charged. A neutral chlorine atom, for example, contains 17 protons and 17 electrons.
To solve this problem it is necessary to use the concepts related to Snell's law.
Snell's law establishes that reflection is subject to
Where,
Angle between the normal surface at the point of contact
n = Indices of refraction for corresponding media
The total internal reflection would then be given by
Therefore the 
would be equal to
Therefore the largest value of the angle α is 30.27°
Time should not be messed with
for bad things could happen
so think before you act or you'll regret it
It would be static friction which is what you have to overcome when an object is not in motion. When you move an object friction works against it like gravity and air resistance. I hope this helps!
