Answer:
1. ![K_eq = [Ca^{2+][OH^-]^2 = K_{sp}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_eq%20%3D%20%5BCa%5E%7B2%2B%5D%5BOH%5E-%5D%5E2%20%3D%20K_%7Bsp%7D)
2. a. No effect;
b. Products;
c. Products;
d. Reactants
Explanation:
1. Equilibrium constant might be written using standard guidelines:
- only aqueous species and gases are included in the equilibrium constant excluding solids and liquids;
- the constant involves two parts: in the numerator of a fraction we include the product of the concentrations of products;
- the denominator includes the product of the concentrations of reactants;
- the concentrations are raised to the power of the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.
Based on the guidelines, we have two ions on the product side, a solid on the left side. Thus, the equilibrium constant has the following expression:
2. a. In the following problems, we'll be considering the common ion effect. According to the principle of Le Chatelier, an increase in concentration of any of the ions would shift the equilibrium towards the formation of our precipitate.
In this problem, we're adding calcium carbonate. It is insoluble, so it wouldn't have any effect on the equilibrium.
b. Sodium carbonate is completely soluble, it would release carbonate ions. The carbonate ions would combine with calcium cations and more precipitate would dissolve. This would shift the equilibrium towards formation of the products to reproduce the amount of calcium cations.
c. HCl would neutralize calcium hydroxide to produce calcium chloride and water, so the amount of calcium ions would increase, therefore, the products are favored.
d. NaOH contains hydroxide anions, so we'd have a common ion. An increase in hydroxide would produce more precipitate, so our reactants are favored.
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.
Answer: The solution is a SATURATED solution.
Explanation:
Although most substances are soluble in water, some are more soluble than others,that is , their solubilities differ. SOLUBILITY is a means of comparing the extent to which different solutes can dissolve in a particular solvent at a definite temperature.
From the question above, when water was added to the sodium acetate in the flask, SOME of the chemical dissolved into the water, meaning that some remained undissolved. This is because a given volume of water can only dissolve a certain amount of chemical in it at room temperature. If more chemical is added to such a solution, the chemical will remain undissolved. Such a chemical solution is said to be a SATURATED SOLUTION.
A saturated solution of a solute at a particular temperature is on which contains as much solute as it can dissolve at that temperature in the presence of undissolved solute particles.
Unsaturated solution is a type of solution that dissolves all its solutes with no presence of undissolved solute.
Supersaturated solution is one which contains more of the solute than it can normally hold at that temperature. It is an unstable solution which crystallizes out when disturbed.
Hi! Science stands for “Systematic Comprehensive Investigation and Exploration of Nature Causes and Effects”.
What is science?
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical natural world. It is also use for experience or can say it is an experience. Scientists are people who test science/experiments for the worlds. Science really is just the study of the nature. Science use math em empathic and logic, which are sometimes called “formal science”.
