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3 years ago

What are some indicators of energy transformations?

Physics

1 answer:

Annette [7]3 years ago

5 0

Explanation:

Contact, vision, sound, flavor, and smell are all markers of energy transformations. The most basic example would be when we notice something has begun to pass through vision. Whenever an entity accelerates or slows down, energy is constantly transformed.

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The rate constants for the reactions of atomic chlorine and of hydroxyl radical with ozone are given by 3 × 10-11 e-250/T and 2

Vlada [557]

Answer:

Calculate the ratio of the rates of ozone destruction by these catalysts at 20 km, given that at this altitude the average concentration of OH is about 100 times that of Cl and that the temperature is about -50 °C

Knowing

Rate constants for the reactions of atomic chlorine and of hydroxyl radical with ozone are given by 3x $10^{-11} e^{-255/T}$ and 2x $10^{-12} e^{-940/T}$

T = -50 °C = 223 K

The reaction rate will be given by [Cl] [O3] 3x $10^{-11} e^{-255/223} = 9.78^{-12} [Cl] [O3]$

Than, the reaction rate of OH with O3 is

Rate = [OH] [O3] 2x $10^{-12} e^{-940/223} = 2.95^{-14} [OH] [O3]$

Considering these 2 rates we can realize the ratio of the reaction with Cl to the reaction with OH is 330 * [Cl] / [OH]

Than, the concentration of OH is approximately 100 times of Cl, and the result will be that the reaction with Cl is 3.3 times faster than the reaction with OH

Calculate the rate constant for ozone destruction by chlorine under conditions in the Antarctic ozone hole, when the temperature is about -80 °C and the concentration of atomic chlorine increases by a factor of one hundred to about 4 × 105 molecules cm-3

Knowing

Rate constants for the reactions of atomic chlorine and of hydroxyl radical with ozone are given by 3x $10^{-11} e^{-255/T}$ and 2x $10^{-12} e^{-940/T}$

T = -80 °C = 193 K

The reaction rate will be given by [Cl] [O3] 3x $10^{-11} e^{-255/193} = 8.21^{-12} [Cl] [O3]$

Than, the reaction rate of OH with O3 is

Rate = [OH] [O3] 2x $10^{-12} e^{-940/193} = 1.53^{-14} [OH] [O3]$

Considering these 2 rates we can realize the ratio of the reaction with Cl to the reaction with OH is 535 * [Cl] / [OH]

Than, considering the concentration of Cl increases by a factor of 100 to about 4 × $10^{5}$ molecules $cm^{-3}$ , the result will be that the reaction with OH will be 535 + (100 to about 4 × $10^{5}$ molecules $cm^{-3}$ ) times faster than the reaction with Cl

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

What is the focal length of a lens

goldenfox [79]

Answer:

The focal length of a lens is refers to the distance from the center of the lens to the principal foci.

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4 years ago

the very high voltage needed to create a spark across the spark plug is produced at the a. transformer's primary winding. b. tra

Karo-lina-s [1.5K]

I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option B. The very high voltage needed to create a spark across the spark plug is produced at the transformer's secondary winding. <span>The secondary coil is engulfed by a powerful and changing magnetic field. This field induces a current in the coils -- a very high-voltage current.</span>

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3 years ago

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PLSSS HELP MEEEE

vekshin1

Answer:

Cu2+

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

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The law of universal gravitation states that a gravitational force exists between all objects in the universe. This force is dir

r-ruslan [8.4K]

Answer:

D. It has been demonstrated to be without exception under certain stated conditions.

Explanation:

A principle is simply a proposition based on some results from some experiments. A principle becomes a law when it gains strength. That is when other scientists support and back it.

A scientific law is a statement that describes a natural phenomenon and is not contradicted by repeated experiments over the time.

Sir Isaac Newton's law of gravitation stated "A gravitational force exists between all objects in the universe. This force is directly proportional to the masses of the two objects and inversely proportional to the distance between them."

His law explained that every body in the universe attracts every other body. It explained that it is not just Earth that pulls us towards it. But even sun and moon has their own gravitational pull and so does all other objects. It is just that the Gravitational pull of some objects is negligible.

Newton's law of Gravitation is considered a universal law because it is applicable to almost all the bodies in the universe and is demonstrated to be correct for them under certain conditions.

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3 years ago

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