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Tanya [424]
3 years ago
13

Calculate the heat in kJ required to convert 2.1 g of water at 52.1°C to steam at 100°C. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g

°C and the heat of vaporization of water is 2260 J/g.
Chemistry
1 answer:
kondaur [170]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

5.167 kJ

Explanation:

We have to divide the heating process into two steps: one for the heating process of liquid water (1) and the other for the phase transition from liquid water to steam at 100°C (2)

1 - heating from 52.1°C to 100°C:

heat(1) = m x Cp x ΔT = 2.1 g x 4.184 J/g°C x (100°C-52.1°C) = 420.9 J

2 - vaporization at 100°C:

heat(2) = m x ΔHv = 2.1 g x 2260 J/g = 4746 J

Finally, we add the heat values of the steps:

heat required = heat(1) + heat(2) = 420.9 J + 4746 J = 5166.9 J

Since 1 kJ= 1000 J, we convert from J to kJ:

5166.9 J x 1 kJ/1000 J = 5.1669 kJ ≅ 5.167 kJ

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Answer:

<h3>The answer is 20 g/cm³</h3>

Explanation:

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density =  \frac{mass}{volume} \\

From the question

mass = 16,000 g

volume = 800 cm³

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A chemist designs a galvanic cell that uses these two half-reactions: half-reaction standard reduction potential (s)(aq)(aq)(l)
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Answer:

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Oxidation (anode): Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(⁺aq) + 2 e⁻        

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Explanation:

<em>The half-reactions are missing, but I will propose some to show you the general procedure and then you can apply it to your equations.</em>

<em>Suppose we have the following half-reactions.</em>

<em>Cu²⁺(⁺aq) + 2 e⁻ → Cu(s)   E°red = 0.34 V</em>

<em>Zn²⁺(⁺aq) + 2 e⁻ → Zn(s)    E°red = -0.76 V</em>

<em />

To identify how to make a spontaneous cell, we need to consider the standard reduction potentials (E°red). The half-reaction with the higher E°red will occur as a reduction (in the cathode), whereas the one with the lower E°red will occur as an oxidation (in the anode).

Reduction (cathode): Cu²⁺(⁺aq) + 2 e⁻ → Cu(s)   E°red = 0.34 V

Oxidation (anode): Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(⁺aq) + 2 e⁻        E°red = -0.76 V

To get the overall equation we add both half-reactions.

Cu²⁺(⁺aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + Zn²⁺(⁺aq)

The standard cell potential (E°cell) is the difference between the standard reduction potential of the cathode and the standard reduction potential of the anode.

E°cell = E°red, cat - E°red, an

E°cell = 0.34 V - (-0.76 V) = 1.10 V

Since E°cell > 0, the reaction is spontaneous.

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