People firstly believe that the planets move in a circular orbit until Newton came up with his hypothesis by inventing calculus so that we could understood and calculated planetary orbits and their accuracy.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- Everyone assumed the planets were perfect circles until Newton came up with an idea. Slowly people would make maps of the orbits that added circles on circles, and they could never really explain about the movement of the planet. They simply say that planets move on circles but they lacked the math to explain or prove it. Then Newton came up with an idea of inventing calculus so that we could understood and calculated planetary orbits and their accuracy.
- Firstly people used their observations and say that the orbits looked like circles, then they developed their models and did the math, and proposed their hypothesizes which were wrong, until Newton came along and tried to match a model that used elliptical orbits and invented the math that allowed him to make predictions with it. His model worked for most planets.
- However he could not explain about the planet Mercury for instance since it was a very strange orbit. Then after the Einstein's theory of General Relativity he could also explain very deeply about it.
- Scientists and Astronomers made hypothesizes that there was another planet orbiting too close to the sun to see with telescopes, called Vulcan, that explained mercury's orbit before Einstein's theory. Then long after we had telescopes which was good enough to see if there was a planet orbiting closer to the sun than mercury.
The graph that shows that gases become increasingly soluble in a liquid as the temperature of the liquid decreases is a graph that shows these characteristics:
1) vertical-axis (traditional y-axis): solubility
2) horizontal-axis (traditional x-axis): temperature
3) graph: a curve with negative slope, i.e. the as the temperature (horizontal-axis) goes further to the right (increasing), the solubility (vertical-axis) goes downward.
An example of the application of this property is the CO2 in the sodas. CO2 incorporated at low temperature.
<span>Use Root mean square speed formula:
vrms = Sqrt (3RT/M)
T - temperature in K = 273K - 21CÎż = 252K
R- molar gas constant = 8.31J/Kmol
M - molar mass of a molecule
MN2 = 14x2 = 28 g/mol
MO2 = 16 x 2 = 32 g/mol
MO3 = 16 x 3 = 48 g/mol
Having all info now, you can calculate root mean square speed,vrms ,
for every molecule by using the aboveequasion and only changing M value.</span>
