Light bends away from the normal, because it's moving from higher to lower refractive index.
Same bend-direction as when it goes from water into air.
If you want to change the thermos into an open energy system, you have to remove the lid. Once the lid is removed, the energy is no longer contained inside the thermos bottle. From the bottle, the energy dissipates to the environment.
Action and reaction are equal in magnitude and opposite direction by they don't balance each other because they don't occur on the same body. Action is involved on one body and reaction is involved on another body.
Hope you understood...
Answer:
B. The truck and mosquito exert the same size force on each other.
Explanation:
Newton's third law (law of action-reaction) states that
"When an object A exerts a force (action) on an object B, then object B exerts an equal and opposite force (reaction) on object A"
In this case, we can call
object A = the truck
object B = the mosquito
Thereforce according to Newton's third law, the force exerted by the truck on the mosquito is equal in magnitude to the force exerted by the mosquito on the truck (and in opposite direction).
The reason for which the mosquito will experience much more damage is the fact that the mosquito's mass is much smaller than the truck's mass, and since the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass:

the mosquito will experience a much larger deceleration than the truck, therefore much more damage.