In an earthquake, the initial seismic energy wave is called a primary wave. It compresses the material ahead of it; other types of subsequent waves travel in sideways and up-and-down motions. A primary wave travels at different speeds depending on what type of substance it is traveling through. In order to determine how long it will take to travel 2,000 km we have to do the math, using the speed in km/sec and setting up proportions. In a solid such as rock, the primary wave can travel at 5 km/sec; it would take 400 seconds, or about 6.7 minutes to travel 2,000 km. If traveling through water, the wave travels at about 1.45 km/sec and would need 1,379 seconds (23 minutes) to travel 2,000 km. Primary waves traveling through air travel at the speed of sound (.34 km/sec), and would take 5,882 seconds (98 minutes) to travel 2,000 km.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed but the mass of the system must remain constant over time. The total number of atoms in the reactants is equal to the total number of atoms in the product. Therefore, this chemical equation shows that energy is conserved and demonstrates the law of conservation of mass.
Fischer Projections allow to represent the three dimensional molecular structures in two dimensional environment without the change in the properties or the structural integrity of the compound. <u>It consists of horizontal as well as vertical lines both, where horizontal lines represent atoms which are pointed toward viewer while vertical line represents atoms which are pointed away from viewer. </u>The point of the intersection between horizontal and vertical lines represents central carbon.
