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Leya [2.2K]
2 years ago
13

Determine The Oxidation Number for

Chemistry
1 answer:
bixtya [17]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

A is +4

B is +4

C is +6

D is +3

E is +4

Explanation:

In order to learn how to find the oxidation number of an atom in a given compound, it is important to learn what oxidation numbers are. The oxidation number of an atom is a number that represents the total number of electrons lost or gained by it.

Calculating Oxidation Numbers

An oxidation number can be assigned to a given element or compound by following the following rules.

Any free element has an oxidation number equal to zero.

For monoatomic ions, the oxidation number always has the same value as the net charge corresponding to the ion.

The hydrogen atom (H) exhibits an oxidation state of +1. However, when bonded with an element with less electronegativity than it, it exhibits an oxidation number of -1.

Oxygen has an oxidation of -2 in most of its compounds. However, in the case of peroxides, the oxidation number corresponding to oxygen is -1.

All alkali metals (group 1 elements) have an oxidation state of +1 in their compounds.

All alkaline earth metals (group 2 elements) exhibit an oxidation state of +2 in their compounds.

In the compounds made up of two elements, a halogen (group 17 elements) have an oxidation number of -1 assigned to them.

In the case of neutral compounds, the sum of all the oxidation numbers of the constituent atoms totals to zero.

When polyatomic ions are considered, the sum of all the oxidation numbers of the atoms that constitute them equals the net charge of the polyatomic ion.

Thus, the oxidation number of an atom in a given compound can be calculated with the steps mentioned above.

How to Calculate Oxidation Number

.

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

As per the rules discussed above, the oxidation state of a group 17 element (halogen) in a diatomic molecule is -1. It is also discussed that hydrogen always exhibits an oxidation number of +1 unless it is paired with a less electronegative element.

Since chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen, an oxidation number of +1 can be assigned to the hydrogen atom in HCl.

Therefore, the oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 and the oxidation of chlorine is -1 in HCl. These values can be verified by adding these oxidation numbers. Since the total is zero, which is the value of the oxidation number corresponding to a neutral molecule, the values are verified.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

According to the rules to calculate oxidation number, which can be found in the previous subsection, the oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds (excluding peroxides) is -2.

Since there are two oxygen atoms in carbon dioxide, the total of the oxidation numbers corresponding to each oxygen is -4.

Since the CO2 molecule is neutral, the carbon atom must exhibit an oxidation state of +4 (the sum of all the oxidation numbers in a neutral molecule is zero).

Therefore, the oxidation state of oxygen was found to be -2 and the oxidation number of carbon is +4 in a carbon dioxide molecule.

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What temperature will the water reach when 10.1 g CaO is dropped into a coffee cup containing 157 g H2O at 18.0°C if the followi
Zepler [3.9K]

Answer:

Final temperature attained by water = 34.6°C

Explanation:

The reaction of CaO and H₂O is an <em>exothermic reaction</em>. The equation of reaction is given below:

CaO + H₂O ----> Ca(OH)₂

The quantity of heat given off, ΔH°rxn = 64.8KJ/mol = 64800J/mol

Number of moles of CaO = mass/molar mass, where molar mass of Ca0 = 56g/mol, mass of CaO = 10.1g

Number of moles of CaO = 10.1g/56g/mol =0.179moles

Quantity of heat given off by 0.179 moles = 64800 *0.179 = 11599.2J/mol

Using the formula, <em>Quantity of heat, q = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature rise.</em>

mass of mixture = (10.1 + 157)g = 167.1g, Initial temperature = 18.0°C

Final temperature(T₂) - Initial temperature(T₁) = Temperature rise

11599.2J/mol = 167.1g * 4.18J/g·°C * ( T₂ - 18.0°C)

11599.2 = 698.478T₂ - 12572.604

11599.2 + 12572.604 = 698.478T₂

698.478T₂ = 24171.804

T₂ = 34.6°C

Therefore, final temperature attained by water = 34.6°C

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3 years ago
What is one property that water and oil do not share
choli [55]

Answer:

Molecules of oil are bigger than of water and therefore do not mix.

Hope this helps

3 0
3 years ago
The molar solubility of C a ( O H ) 2 C a ( O H ) 2 was experimentally determined to be 0.019 M. Based on this value, what is th
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Answer:

Ksp = 2.74 x 10⁻⁵

Explanation:

The solubility equilibrium for Ca(OH)₂ is the following:

  Ca(OH)₂(s) ⇄ Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 OH⁻(aq)

I                          0                0

C                       + s               + 2s

E                        s                   2s

According to the ICE table, the expression for the solubility product constant (Kps) is:

Ksp = [Ca²⁺] x ([OH⁻])² = s x (2s)² = 4s³

Then, we calculate Ksp from the solubility value (s):

s = 0.019 M

⇒ Ksp = 4s³ = 4 x (0.019)³ = 2.74 x 10⁻⁵

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Therefore, option 5 is the correct choice.

To learn more about rainbow check the link below:

brainly.com/question/12008276

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