Answer:
Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. When a mixture of sand and water is filtered: the sand stays behind in the filter paper (it becomes the residue ) the water passes through the filter paper (it becomes the filtrate )
Explanation:
Answer:
A) 2.69 M
B) 0.059
Explanation:
A) We have:
33.8% solute by mass= 33.8 g solute/100 g solution
molarity = mol solute/ 1 L solution
molarity= 
x 
x 
x 
molarity= 2.69 mol solute/L solution = 2.69 M
B) We know that there are 33.8 g of solute in 100 g of solution.
As the total solution is compounded by solute+solvent (in this case, solvent is water), the mass of water is the difference between the mass of the total solution and the mass of solute:
mass of water= 100 g - 33.8 g = 66.2 g
Now, we calculate the number of mol of both solute and water:
mol solute= 33.8 g solute x 
= 0.232 mol
mol H20= 66.2 g H₂O x 
Finally, the mol fraction of solute (Xsolute) is calculated as follows:
Xsolute=
Xsolute= 0.059
The key to most "how do I separate." questions is solubility.
The trick is to add a liquid that will only dissolve one substance but not another.
Let's say you had a beaker full of sand, table salt (NaCl), and acetanilide. Is there anything you can add that would only dissolve one of these three substances?
Yes, there is! Acetanilide like most organic compounds, isn't soluble in water. But salt is soluble in water. So to the mixture, I would add water, and then pass the water through a filter. The filter paper will "catch" the sand and acetanilide, but the table salt will remain dissolved in the water. If you then let that water evaporate (either via boiling or under vacuum), you will recover your salt.
So now, how to do you separate the sand from the acetanilide? Sand isn't really soluble in anything, but acetanilide is soluble in organic solvents, such as ethanol. So to the mixture of sand and acetanilide, add ethanol, and pass it through a filter. The sand will once again get stuck in the filter paper, and your acetanilide will be dissolved in ethanol. Remove the ethanol (via vacuum, or rotovap) and you will be left with acetanilide.
The H2 produced in a chemical reaction is collected through water in a eudiometer. The pressure (kPa) of the H2 gas is 98.89 kPa
The total pressure in a chemical reaction is the total sum of the partial pressure and the vapor pressure of the chemical substances taking place in the chemical reaction.
- Total pressure = partial pressure of H₂ gas + vapor pressure of H₂O
∴
The vapor pressure of H₂ gas = Total pressure in the eudiometer - partial pressure of H₂O
Given that:
- The total pressure in the eudiometer = 101.3 kPa
- The partial pressure of H₂O = 2.41 kPa
The vapor pressure of H₂ gas = 101.3 kPa - 2.41 kPa
The vapor pressure of H₂ gas = (101.3 - 2.41) kPa
The vapor pressure of H₂ = 98.89 kPa
Therefore, we can conclude that the vapor pressure of H₂ is 98.89 kPa.
Learn more about partial pressure here:
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