Answer :
The concentration of 
before any titrant added to our starting material is 0.200 M.
The pH based on this ion concentration is 0.698
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the concentration of before any titrant is added to our starting material.
As we are given:
Concentration of HBr = 0.200 M
As we know that the HBr is a strong acid that dissociates complete to give hydrogen ion and bromide ion 
.
As, 1 M of HBr dissociates to give 1 M of
So, 0.200 M of HBr dissociates to give 0.200 M of
Thus, the concentration of before any titrant added to our starting material is 0.200 M.
Now we have to calculate the pH based on this ion concentration.
pH : It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.
![pH=-\log [H^+]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3D-%5Clog%20%5BH%5E%2B%5D)
Thus, the pH based on this ion concentration is 0.698
Answer : The time passed in years is 
Explanation :
Half-life of carbon-14 = 5730 years
First we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :
Now we have to calculate the time passed.
Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:
where,
k = rate constant = 
t = time passed by the sample = ?
a = initial amount of the reactant disintegrate = 15.3
a - x = amount left after decay process = 14.8
Now put all the given values in above equation, we get
Therefore, the time passed in years is
Answer:
The answer is supposed to be "Electron cloud" or "Electon".
