Mendel crossed the dominant purple colour flowered plant with the recessive white colour flowered plant. The F 1 generation produced the heterozygous purple colour flowered (Pp) plants. When two heterozygous pea plants (Pp) are crossed in the F2 generation represented by Pp x Pp, the gametes formed are P and p. Out of the offspring produced, 3 are purple colour flowered plants and 1 is white colour flowered plant. Thus the phenotypic ratio is 3: 1 with one out of four plants being white colour flowered pea plant. When expressed in percentage it is 25%.
The answers are insertion, deletion and substitution respectively.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
The mutation is the phenomenon which includes some alteration of the genetic material of the organism by either insertion, deletion or substitution of one or more nitrogen base pairs by others. This phenomenon was invented by Scientist Sir Hugo de Vries, who was also called as the Father of Mutation.
The insertion includes the addition of one or few nitrogen base pairs within the DNA which changes the codon pattern, thereby changing the protein coded from that part of DNA. T
The deletion includes the deletion of a part of DNA with similar effect as that of Insertion.
The substitution is the change of nitrogen bases by other bases which also leads to change in protein produced by the part of Genetic material.
A biologist would most likely concentrate on homologous features to find and analyse an evolutionary relationship between two species, finding homologous traits between species might help biologists to understand the evolution of animals, whereas concentrating on analogous features might help to compare the evolution of different species. Hope this helped!
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