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Lady bird [3.3K]
2 years ago
8

En los alérgicos, a partir del segundo contacto con el alérgeno cuando se produce la reacción alérgica. ¿Cómo podrías explicarlo

?
Biology
1 answer:
dem82 [27]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

La segunda exposición desencadena la fase de 'respuesta' asociada a la reacción alérgica  

Explanation:

La alergia se puede considerar como una respuesta desmedida del sistema inmune cuando un individuo entra en contacto con ciertas sustancias que son inocuas para la mayoría de la población, pero que en personas alérgicas desencadenan fuertes reacciones de hipersensibilidad. La alergia tiene dos fases conocidas como fase de sensibilización y fase de respuesta. La primera fase de sensibilización es donde el individuo entra en contacto con los 'antígenos' del alérgeno, lo cual provoca que el individuo genere anticuerpos IgE los cuales combaten al alérgeno (el sistema inmune considera que esta sustancia es potencialmente dañina), mediante la generación de anticuerpos de IgE que se unen a receptores de células del sistema inmune (eosinófilos, basófilos y mastocitos). La segunda fase de respuesta se produce cuando el individuo entra de nuevo en contacto con el alérgeno. Durante el segundo contacto, los antígenos del alérgeno interactúan con anticuerpos específicos de IgE que se encuentran sobre la superficie de células del sistema inmune, desencadenando la degranulación de estas células (mastocitos) y la consecuente liberación de mediadores químicos de la alergia tales como, por ejemplo, histamina, los cuales son responsable de los síntomas típicos de la alergia (tos, estornudos, picor, enrojecimiento de ojos, urticaria, inflamación, etc.).

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