Answer:
<em>Protons:
</em>
- Positively charged particle
- The number of these is the atomic number
- All atoms of a given element have the same number of these
<em>Neutrons: </em>
- Isotopes of a given element differ in the number of these
- The mass number is the number of these added to the number of protons
Explanation:
Protons (<em>positively charged</em>), neutrons (<em>neutral</em>) and electrons (negatively charged) are smaller than an atom and they are the main subatomic particles. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, and the electrons are in the periphery at unknown pathways.
The <em>Atomic number</em> (Z) indicates the number of protons (
) in the nucleus. Every atom of an element have the <em>same atomic number</em>, thus the <em>same number of protons</em>.
The <em>mass number </em>(A) is the sum of the <em>number of protons</em> (
) <em>and neutrons</em> (N) that are present in the nucleus: <em>A= Z + N</em>
<em>Isotopes</em> are atoms of the <em>same element </em>which nucleus have the <em>same atomic number</em> (Z), and <em>different mass number (A)</em>, it means the <em>same number of protons</em> (
) and a <em>different number of neutrons</em> (N). For example, the oxygen in its natural state is a mixture of isotopes:
99.8% atoms with A= 16, Z=8, and N=8
0.037% atoms with A=17, Z=8, and N=9
0.204% atoms with A=18, Z=8, and N=10
Answer:
the sun Solar energy
Explanation:
Energy from the sun. Solar energy is the original source of most energy on Earth. There are many ways we use energy from the Sun.
23.01 g of zinc (Zn)
Explanation:
We have the following chemical reaction:
3 Zn + 2 H₃PO₄ = 3 H₂ + Zn₃(PO₄)₂
number of moles = mass / molar weight
number of moles of phosphoric acid = 23.1 / 98 = 0.236 moles
Taking in account the chemical reaction, we devise the following reasoning:
if 2 moles of H₃PO₄ are reacting with 3 moles of Zn
then 0.236 moles of H₃PO₄ are reacting with X moles of Zn
X = (0.236 × 3) / 2 = 0.354 moles of Zn
mass = number of moles × molar weight
mass of Zn = 0.354 × 65 = 23.01 g
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number of moles
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