Answer:
The minimum value of wall thickness t=3.63 mm.
Explanation:
Given:
D=200 mm
P=4 MPa
t= Wall thickness
maximum shear stress=27.5 MPa
We know that
hoop stress 
Longitudinal stress
So maximum shear tress in plane

Now by putting the value

So t=3.36 mm
The minimum value of wall thickness t=3.63 mm.
Answer:
Aerobic biological treatment process
Explanation:
Aerobic biological treatment process in which micro-organisms, in the presence of oxygen, metabolize organic waste matter in the water, thereby producing more micro-organisms and inorganic waste matter like CO₂, NH₃ and H₂O.
Answer:
Heat flux of CO₂ in cgs
= 170.86 x 10⁻⁹ mol / cm²s
SI units
170.86 x 10⁻⁸ kmol/m²s
Explanation:
Answer:
I'm afraid i can't visualise it to you but visit the site below to help you out <3
Explanation:
https://opendsa-server.cs.vt.edu/embed/mergesortAV
Answer and Explanation:
In any experiment, the observed values are the actual values obtained in any experiment.
The calculated values are the values that are measured by using the observed values in a formula.
The observed values are primary values whereas the calculated values are the secondary values as calaculations are made using observed values.
Yes, if the observed values are of low accuracy.
The values should be recorded with proper care and attention in order to avoid any error.