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2 years ago

Explain crystallographic defects.

Engineering

1 answer:

Sliva [168]2 years ago

5 0

Answer:

interruptions of regular patterns in crystalline solids. They are common because positions of atoms or molecules at repeating fixed distances determined by the unit cell parameters in crystals, which exhibit a periodic crystal structure, are usually imperfect.

Explanation:

Cus am pro

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A counter-flow double pipe heat exchanger is heat heat water from 20 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius at the rate of 1.2 kg

lakkis [162]

Answer:

$L=107.6m$

Explanation:

Cold water in: $m_{c}=1.2kg/s, C_{c}=4.18kJ/kg\°C, T_{c,in}=20\°C, T_{c,out}=80\°C$

Hot water in: $m_{h}=2kg/s, C_{h}=4.18kJ/kg\°C, T_{h,in}=160\°C, T_{h,out}=?\°C$

$D=1.5cm=0.015m, U=649W/m^{2}K, LMTD=?\°C, A_{s}=?m^{2},L=?m$

Step 1: Determine the rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger

$Q=m_{c}C_{c}(T_{c,out}-T_{c,in})$

$Q=1.2*4.18*(80-20)$

$Q=300.96kW$

Step 2: Determine outlet temperature of hot water

$Q=m_{h}C_{h}(T_{h,in}-T_{h,out})$

$300.96=2*4.18*(160-T_{h,out})$

$T_{h,out}=124\°C$

Step 3: Determine the Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)

$dT_{1}=T_{h,in}-T_{c,out}$

$dT_{1}=160-80$

$dT_{1}=80\°C$

$dT_{2}=T_{h,out}-T_{c,in}$

$dT_{2}=124-20$

$dT_{2}=104\°C$

$LMTD = \frac{dT_{2}-dT_{1}}{ln(\frac{dT_{2}}{dT_{1}})}$

$LMTD = \frac{104-80}{ln(\frac{104}{80})}$

$LMTD = \frac{24}{ln(1.3)}$

$LMTD = 91.48\°C$

Step 4: Determine required surface area of heat exchanger

$Q=UA_{s}LMTD$

$300.96*10^{3}=649*A_{s}*91.48$

$A_{s}=5.07m^{2}$

Step 5: Determine length of heat exchanger

$A_{s}=piDL$

$5.07=pi*0.015*L$

$L=107.57m$

7 0

2 years ago

How do we find percentage error in measuring voltage across a resistor

Black_prince [1.1K]

Answer:

use the percentage error relation

Explanation:

The percentage error in anything is computed from ...

%error = ((measured value)/(accurate value) -1) × 100%

The difficulty with voltage measurements is that the "accurate value" may be hard to determine. It can be computed from the nominal values of circuit components, but there is no guarantee that the components actually have those values.

Likewise, the measuring device may have errors. It may or may not be calibrated against some standard, but even measurement standards have some range of possible error.

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Two containers initially contain dry air at 40 °C. Water is added to both containers so that the relative humidity is 30% in con

enot [183]

Answer:

A) Wet bulb temperature of #1 is less than that of #2

Explanation:

This can be gotten from pinpointing the states of the two containers on a psychometric chart.

8 0

3 years ago

The angle formed between the SAI and the camber line is called the

hichkok12 [17]

Answer:C

Explanation:

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3 years ago

Introduction about steam distillation

Vikentia [17]

Answer: Introduction to Steam Distillation. Steam distillation is a separation process which purifies isolate temperature-sensitive materials, such as natural aromatic compounds. In steam distillation, dry steam is passed through the plant material. These vapours undergo condensation and collection in receivers.

Explanation:

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3 years ago