According to zeroth law of thermodynamics, when two objects are kept in contact, heat (energy) is transferred from one to the other until they reach the same temperature (are in thermal equilibrium). When the objects are at the same temperature there is no heat transfer.
So, at equilibrium, =
,
+
q=m×c×T, where q = heat energy, m = mass of a substance, c = specific heat (units J/kg∙K), T is temperature
=(15X13X4.19)+(148X88.3X4.19)
= 81.37 ° C
The amount of heat released by the sample has been 22.54 kJ. Thus, option C is correct.
The specific heat has been defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree Celsius.
The specific heat has been expressed as:
The iron and calorimeter are in side the closed system. Thus, the energy released by the sample, has been equivalent to the energy absorbed by the calorimeter.
The given mass of calorimeter has been,
The specific heat of the calorimeter has been,
The change in temperature of the calorimeter has been,
Substituting the values for heat released:
The amount of heat released by the sample has been 22.54 kJ. Thus, option C is correct.
Learn more about specific heat, here: