The absorbance reported by the defective instrument was 0.3933.
Absorbance A = - log₁₀ T
Tm = transmittance measured by spectrophotometer
Tm = 0.44
Absorbance reported in this equipment = -log₁₀ (0.44) = 0.35654
True absorbance can be calculated by true transmittance, Tm = T+S(α-T)
S = fraction of stray light = 6%= 6/100 = 0.06
α= 1, ideal case
T = true transmittance of the sample
Tm = T+S(α-T)
now, T= Tm-S/ 1-S = 0.44-0.06/ 1-0.06 = 0.404233
therefore, actual reading measured is A = -log₁₀ T = -log₁₀ (0.404233)
i.e; 0.3933
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This is covalent network type of solid.
For example, silicon dioxide (SiO₂) is covalent network solid with covalent bonding.
Covalent network solid is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material.
Silicon(IV) oxide has continuous three-dimensional network of SiO₂ units and diamond has sp3 hybridization.
This solids do not have free electrons so they are good insulators.
They have strong covalent bonds, so they melt at extremely high temperature.
Other examples are quartz, diamond, and silicon carbide.
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The correct option is D. 2) Anti-bonding electrons or lone pairs. These lone pairs, and bonds helps to form the shape which keeps these electrons separate as possible.
