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Licemer1 [7]
3 years ago
9

Do Covalent bonds have weaker or stronger chemical bonds than Ionic bonds?

Chemistry
1 answer:
irina1246 [14]3 years ago
4 0

Ionic bonds are stronger than covalent bonds since they are of opposite charges. This makes them more attracted to each other, creating bonds that are harder to break. Covalent bonds don't have this and only occur to share electrons between atoms.

I hope this helps!

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While ethanol is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting e
sp2606 [1]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

While ethanol is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting ethylene with water vapor at elevated temperatures.

A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a 1.5 L flask at 12°C with 1.8 atm of ethylene gas and 4.7 atm of water vapor. When the mixture has come to equilibrium she determines that it contains 1.16 atm of ethylene gas and 4.06 atm of water vapor.

The engineer then adds another 1.2 atm of ethylene, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

<u>Answer:</u> The partial pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time is 1.0 atm

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Initial partial pressure of ethylene gas = 1.8 atm

Initial partial pressure of water vapor = 4.7 atm

Equilibrium partial pressure of ethylene gas = 1.16 atm

Equilibrium partial pressure of water vapor = 4.06 atm

The chemical equation for the reaction of ethylene gas and water vapor follows:

                     CH_2CH_2(g)+H_2O(g)\rightleftharpoons CH_3CH_2OH(g)

<u>Initial:</u>                  1.8                4.7

<u>At eqllm:</u>           1.8-x             4.7-x

Evaluating the value of 'x'

\Rightarrow (1.8-x)=1.16\\\\x=0.64

The expression of K_p for above equation follows:

K_p=\frac{p_{CH_3CH_2OH}}{p_{CH_2CH_2}\times p_{H_2O}}

p_{CH_2CH_2}=1.16atm\\p_{H_2O}=4.06atm\\p_{CH_3CH_2OH}=0.64atm

Putting values in above expression, we get:

K_p=\frac{0.64}{1.16\times 4.06}\\\\K_p=0.136

When more ethylene is added, the equilibrium gets re-established.

Partial pressure of ethylene added = 1.2 atm

                     CH_2CH_2(g)+H_2O(g)\rightleftharpoons CH_3CH_2OH(g)

<u>Initial:</u>                2.36             4.06               0.64

<u>At eqllm:</u>           2.36-x        4.06-x             0.64+x

Putting value in the equilibrium constant expression, we get:

0.136=\frac{(0.64+x)}{(2.36-x)\times (4.06-x)}\\\\x=0.363,13.41

Neglecting the value of x = 13.41 because equilibrium partial pressure of ethylene and water vapor will become negative, which is not possible.

So, equilibrium partial pressure of ethanol = (0.64 + x) = (0.64 + 0.363) = 1.003 atm

Hence, the partial pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time is 1.0 atm

3 0
3 years ago
Which of the following correctly describes the law of conservation of energy
egoroff_w [7]
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To make 340mL of a 0.4 M solution of Lici, how many mL of a 8 M solution should be used?
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Answer:

Volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by a closed surface, for example, the space that a substance (solid, liquid, gas, or plasma) or shape occupies or contains. Volume is often quantified numerically using the SI derived unit, the cubic metre.

Explanation:

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