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pishuonlain [190]
3 years ago
13

Use the given data at 500 K to calculate ΔG°for the reaction

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anton [14]3 years ago
3 0

Answer : The  value of \Delta G^o for the reaction is -959.1 kJ

Explanation :

The given balanced chemical reaction is,

2H_2S(g)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow 2H_2O(g)+2SO_2(g)

First we have to calculate the enthalpy of reaction (\Delta H^o).

\Delta H^o=H_f_{product}-H_f_{reactant}

\Delta H^o=[n_{H_2O}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(H_2O)}+n_{SO_2}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(SO_2)}]-[n_{H_2S}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(H_2S)}+n_{O_2}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(O_2)}]

where,

\Delta H^o = enthalpy of reaction = ?

n = number of moles

\Delta H_f^0 = standard enthalpy of formation

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:

\Delta H^o=[2mole\times (-242kJ/mol)+2mole\times (-296.8kJ/mol)}]-[2mole\times (-21kJ/mol)+3mole\times (0kJ/mol)]

\Delta H^o=-1035.6kJ=-1035600J

conversion used : (1 kJ = 1000 J)

Now we have to calculate the entropy of reaction (\Delta S^o).

\Delta S^o=S_f_{product}-S_f_{reactant}

\Delta S^o=[n_{H_2O}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(H_2O)}+n_{SO_2}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(SO_2)}]-[n_{H_2S}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(H_2S)}+n_{O_2}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(O_2)}]

where,

\Delta S^o = entropy of reaction = ?

n = number of moles

\Delta S_f^0 = standard entropy of formation

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:

\Delta S^o=[2mole\times (189J/K.mol)+2mole\times (248J/K.mol)}]-[2mole\times (206J/K.mol)+3mole\times (205J/K.mol)]

\Delta S^o=-153J/K

Now we have to calculate the Gibbs free energy of reaction (\Delta G^o).

As we know that,

\Delta G^o=\Delta H^o-T\Delta S^o

At room temperature, the temperature is 500 K.

\Delta G^o=(-1035600J)-(500K\times -153J/K)

\Delta G^o=-959100J=-959.1kJ

Therefore, the value of \Delta G^o for the reaction is -959.1 kJ

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<u>Given:</u>

Mass of solvent water = 4.50 kg

Freezing point of the solution = -11 C

Freezing point depression constant = 1.86 C/m

<u>To determine:</u>

Moles of methanol to be added

<u>Explanation:</u>

The freezing point depression ΔTf is related to the molality m through the constant kf, as follows:

ΔTf = kf*m

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ΔTf = 0 C - (-11.0 C) = 11.0 C

m = molality = moles of methanol/kg of water = moles of methanol/4.50 kg

11.0 = 1.86 * moles of methanol/4.50

moles of methanol = 26.613 moles

Ans: Thus around 26.6 moles of methanol should be added to 4.50 kg of water.



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