Multiply the number of inches on the map times the scale to determine the true distance. For example, if the distance on the map was 5.5 inches and the scale was 1:6,336,000, the true distance would be 550 miles. To convert an area, convert the dimensions using the scale and then find the true area.
If Lionel started with 48, and he gave 1/2 of them to Rick (24), then he is left with 24. If he then gives his brother 1/2 of that (12) then he has 12 left.