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IrinaVladis [17]
3 years ago
13

Sodium metal (Na) reacts explosively with water to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas. How many moles of sodium are n

eeded to produce 154 moles of hydrogen gas? (Hint: Balance the equation.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
Sati [7]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

308 moles of sodium

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the chemical reaction between sodium metal (Na) and water (H₂O) is the following:

2 Na(s) + 2 H₂O → 2 NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of Na react with 2 moles of H₂O to give 2 moles of NaOH and 1 mol of H₂ (hydrogen gas). So the stoichiometric mole ratio between Na and H₂ is: 2 mol Na/1 mol H₂. Thus, we multiply the mole ratio by the moles of H₂ to be produced to obtain the moles of Na required:

moles of Na required =  2 mol Na/1 mol H₂ x 154 moles H₂ = 308 moles Na

Therefore, 308 moles of sodium are needed to produce 154 moles of hydrogen gas.

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18. <span>Answer is </span>A

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<span>Since the enthalpy of reaction is positive, the forward reaction is<span> an endothermic reaction which means the energy is gained from the surrounding to happen the reaction. If the temperature decreases, according to the </span></span>Le Chatelier's principle, the system tries to become equilibrium by increasing temperature. Since forward reaction is endothermic (because of the bond breaking), the backward reaction is exothermic (because of the bond making) which releases the energy to the surroundings. This makes the increase of temperature. So if the backward reaction is promoted because of the decrease of temperature, then the concentration of H</span><span>₂ will decrease.</span>

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19. Answer is A.

The reactant side has 2 moles/molecules of reactants and the product side has 4 moles/molecules of products which come from 1 N₂(g) and 3 H₂<span>(g). If the pressure is reduced in the system, according to the Le Chatelier's principle, the system tries to increase the pressure. </span><span>Hence, forward reaction is promoted because of the higher number of molecules in product side. If the forward reaction is promoted, the concentration of NH</span>₃(g) will decreased.


<span>20. </span>Answer is C.

If the concentration of reactant is increased in the system, according to the Le Chatelier's principle, the system tries to reduce the concentration of that reactant. So if NH₃(g) concentration is increased, then to be equilibrium, the forward reaction will be promoted. Then the concentration of N₂<span>(g) will increase.</span>

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