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2 years ago

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Milk with a density of 1020 kg/m3 is transported on a level road in a 9-m-long, 3-m-diameter cylindrical tanker. The tanker is c

ompletely filled with milk (no air space), and it accelerates at 4 m/s . If the minimum pressure in the tanker is 100 kPa, determine the maximum pressure difference and the location of the maximum pressure. Answer: 66.7 kPa

1 answer:

jeka57 [31]2 years ago

4 0

Solution :

Given data is :

Density of the milk in the tank, $\rho = 1020 \ kg/m^3$

Length of the tank, x = 9 m

Height of the tank, z = 3 m

Acceleration of the tank, $a_x = 2.5 \ m/s^2$

Therefore, the pressure difference between the two points is given by :

$P_2-P_1 = -\rho a_x x - \rho(g+a)z$

Since the tank is completely filled with milk, the vertical acceleration is $a_z = 0$

$P_2-P_1 = -\rho a_x x- \rho g z$

Therefore substituting, we get

$P_2-P_1=-(1020 \times 2.5 \times 7) - (1020 \times 9.81 \times 3)$

$=-17850 - 30018.6$

$=-47868.6 \ Pa$

$=-47.868 \ kPa$

Therefore the maximum pressure difference in the tank is Δp = 47.87 kPa and is located at the bottom of the tank.

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Sphere A of mass 0.600 kg is initially moving to the right at 4.00 m/s. sphere B, of mass 1.80 kg is initially to the right of s

anzhelika [568]

A) The velocity of sphere A after the collision is 1.00 m/s to the right

B) The collision is elastic

C) The velocity of sphere C is 2.68 m/s at a direction of $-5.2^{\circ}$

D) The impulse exerted on C is 4.29 kg m/s at a direction of $-5.2^{\circ}$

E) The collision is inelastic

F) The velocity of the center of mass of the system is 4.00 m/s to the right

Explanation:

A)

We can solve this part by using the principle of conservation of momentum. The total momentum of the system must be conserved before and after the collision:

$p_i = p_f\\m_A u_A + m_B u_B = m_A v_A + m_B v_B$

$m_A = 0.600 kg$ is the mass of sphere A

$u_A = 4.00 m/s$ is the initial velocity of the sphere A (taking the right as positive direction)

$v_A$ is the final velocity of sphere A

$m_B = 1.80 kg$ is the mass of sphere B

$u_B = 2.00 m/s$ is the initial velocity of the sphere B

$v_B = 3.00 m/s$ is the final velocity of the sphere B

Solving for vA:

$v_A = \frac{m_A u_A + m_B u_B - m_B v_B}{m_A}=\frac{(0.600)(4.00)+(1.80)(2.00)-(1.80)(3.00)}{0.600}=1.00 m/s$

The sign is positive, so the direction is to the right.

B)

To verify if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

Before the collision:

$K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_A u_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 =\frac{1}{2}(0.600)(4.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(2.00)^2=8.4 J$

After the collision:

$K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_A v_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.600)(1.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.4 J$

The total kinetic energy is conserved: therefore, the collision is elastic.

C)

Now we analyze the collision between sphere B and C. Again, we apply the law of conservation of momentum, but in two dimensions: so, the total momentum must be conserved both on the x- and on the y- direction.

Taking the initial direction of sphere B as positive x-direction, the total momentum before the collision along the x-axis is:

$p_x = m_B v_B = (1.80)(3.00)=5.40 kg m/s$

While the total momentum along the y-axis is zero:

$p_y = 0$

We can now write the equations of conservation of momentum along the two directions as follows:

$p_x = p'_{Bx} + p'_{Cx}\\0 = p'_{By} + p'_{Cy}$ (1)

We also know the components of the momentum of B after the collision:

$p'_{Bx}=(1.20)(cos 19)=1.13 kg m/s\\p'_{By}=(1.20)(sin 19)=0.39 kg m/s$

So substituting into (1), we find the components of the momentum of C after the collision:

$p'_{Cx}=p_B - p'_{Bx}=5.40 - 1.13=4.27 kg m/s\\p'_{Cy}=p_C - p'_{Cy}=0-0.39 = -0.39 kg m/s$

So the magnitude of the momentum of C is

$p'_C = \sqrt{p_{Cx}^2+p_{Cy}^2}=\sqrt{4.27^2+(-0.39)^2}=4.29 kg m/s$

Dividing by the mass of C (1.60 kg), we find the magnitude of the velocity:

$v_c = \frac{p_C}{m_C}=\frac{4.29}{1.60}=2.68 m/s$

And the direction is

$\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{p_y}{p_x})=tan^{-1}(\frac{-0.39}{4.27})=-5.2^{\circ}$

D)

The impulse imparted by B to C is equal to the change in momentum of C.

The initial momentum of C is zero, since it was at rest:

$p_C = 0$

While the final momentum is:

$p'_C = 4.29 kg m/s$

So the magnitude of the impulse exerted on C is

$I=p'_C - p_C = 4.29 - 0 = 4.29 kg m/s$

And the direction is the angle between the direction of the final momentum and the direction of the initial momentum: since the initial momentum is zero, the angle is simply equal to the angle of the final momentum, therefore $-5.2^{\circ}$ .

E)

To check if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

The total kinetic energy before the collision is just the kinetic energy of B, since C was at rest:

$K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.1 J$

The total kinetic energy after the collision is the sum of the kinetic energies of B and C:

$K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_C v_C^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(1.20)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.60)(2.68)^2=7.0 J$

Since the total kinetic energy is not conserved, the collision is inelastic.

F)

Here we notice that the system is isolated: so there are no external forces acting on the system, and this means the system has no acceleration, according to Newton's second law:

$F=Ma$

Since F = 0, then a = 0, and so the center of mass of the system moves at constant velocity.

Therefore, the centre of mass after the 2nd collision must be equal to the velocity of the centre of mass before the 1st collision: which is the velocity of the sphere A before the 1st collision (because the other 2 spheres were at rest), so it is simply 4.00 m/s to the right.

Learn more about momentum and collisions:

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r-ruslan [8.4K]

Answer:

change in mass = 2.41*10^{8}kg

Explanation:

The change in the mass can be computed by using the relation

$E=\Delta mc^2\\\Delta m=\frac{E}{c^2}$ (1)

That is, the energy liberated comes from the mass of the nuclear fuel. The energy generated in one year is

$E=Pt=2.3*10^{9}\frac{J}{s}*1 year*\frac{365.25 day}{1 year}*\frac{24h}{1 day}*\frac{3600s}{1h}=7.25*10^{16}J$

Hence, by replacing in the equation (1) you have (c=3*10^{8}m/s)

$\Delta m=\frac{7.25*10^{16}J}{3*10^{8}\frac{m}{s}}=2.41*10^{8}kg$

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Train cars are coupled together by being bumped into one another. Suppose two loaded train cars are moving toward one another, t

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Answer:

0.243 m/s

Explanation:

From law of conservation of motion,

mu+m'u' = V(m+m')................. Equation 1

Where m = mass of the first car, m' = mass of the second car, initial velocity of the first car, u' = initial velocity of the second car, V = Final velocity of both cars.

make V the subject of the equation

V = (mu+m'u')/(m+m')................. Equation 2

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A large helium filled balloon is used as the center piece for a graduation party. The balloon alone has a mass of 225 kg and it

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To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to Newton's second law, the definition of density and sum of forces in bodies.

From Newton's second law we understand that

$F= ma (\rightarrow$ Gravity at this case)

Where,

m = mass

a= acceleration

Also we know that

$\rho = \frac{m}{V} \Rightarrow m = \rho V$

Part A) The buoyant force acting on the balloon is given as

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As mass is equal to the density and Volume and acceleration equal to Gravity constant

$F_b = \rho V g$

$F_b = 1.2*323*9.8$

$F_b = 3798.5$

PART B) The forces acting on the balloon would be given by the upper thrust force given by the fluid and its weight, then

$F_{net} = F_b -W$

$F_{net} = F_b -(mg+\rho_H Vg)$

$F_{net} = 3798.5-(9.8*225*9.8*0.179*323)$

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$m' =\frac{F_{net}}{g}$

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