Person standing on A will hear the loudest sound
Explanation:
The intensity of a sound wave (which is proportional to the loudness of the sound) follows an inverse square law, which is:
where
I is the intensity of the wave
r is the distance from the source of the sound
This equation means that the intensity of the sound wave (and therefore, its loudness) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source: therefore,
- As we get closer to the source of sound, the loudness increases
- As we move away from the source of sound, the loudness decreases
Therefore, the person that will hear the loudest sound is the one standing closer to the source, and therefore person A.
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Your answer would be A. Halogens
The propagation errors we can find the uncertainty of a given magnitude is the sum of the uncertainties of each magnitude.
Δm = ∑ 
Physical quantities are precise values of a variable, but all measurements have an uncertainty, in the case of direct measurements the uncertainty is equal to the precision of the given instrument.
When you have derived variables, that is, when measurements are made with different instruments, each with a different uncertainty, the way to find the uncertainty or error is used the propagation errors to use the variation of each parameter, keeping the others constant and taking the worst of the cases, all the errors add up.
If m is the calculated quantity, x_i the measured values and Δx_i the uncertainty of each value, the total uncertainty is
Δm = ∑ 
| dm / dx_i | Dx_i
for instance:
If the magnitude is a average of two magnitudes measured each with a different error
m = 
Δm = | 
| Δx₁ + | 
| Δx₂
= ½
= ½
Δm = 
Δx₁ + ½ Δx₂
Δm = Δx₁ + Δx₂
In conclusion, using the propagation errors we can find the uncertainty of a given quantity is the sum of the uncertainties of each measured quantity.
Learn more about propagation errors here:
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