1. why is HCl not a good choice as the acid to catalyze a dehydration reaction?
1 answer:
Answer:
1) HCl contains the Cl^- which is a good nucleophile
2) 2-methyl-2- heptanol > 2-heptanol > 1-heptanol
3) see image attached
Explanation:
If the dehydration of alcohols is carried out using HCl, the chloride ion which is a good nucleophile will attack the substrate to yield an undesirable product.
The dehydration of alcohols is an E1 reaction. Recall that the ease of E1 reaction increases in the order 3°> 2°> 1°. Hence, 2-methyl-2- heptanol forms a tertiary carbocation intermediate during dehydration and has the greatest ease of dehydration.
The three products formed during the dehydration of 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol are shown in the image attached. Two out of the three are formed by rearrangement reactions.
You might be interested in
Answer:
of water at 30C and 1 atm is 256.834 J/mol·K.
Explanation:
To solve the question, we note the Maxwell relation such as
Where:
= Specific heat of gas at constant pressure = 75.3 J/mol·K
= Specific heat of gas at constant volume = Required
T = Temperature = 30 °C = 303.15 K
α = Linear expansion coefficient = 3.04 × 10⁻⁴ K⁻¹
K = Volume comprehensibility = 4.52 × 10⁻⁵ atm⁻¹
Therefore,
75.3 - =
=
- 75.3 = 256.834 J/mol·K.