Answer:
Production of Citric Acid
It is an organic carboxylic acid and can be extracted from the juice of citrus fruits by adding calcium oxide to form calcium citrate, which is an insoluble precipitate that can be collected by filtration; the citric acid can be recovered from its calcium salt by adding sulfuric acid.
Explanation:
0,15 moles of NaOH-------in------------1000ml
x moles of NaOH------------in--------100ml
x = 0,015 moles of NaOH
final volume = 150ml
0,015 moles of NaOH---in-------150ml
x moles of NaOH--------------in-----1000ml
x = 0,1 moles of NaOH
answer: 0,1mol/dm³ (molarity)
3. Cl₂ + 2KI --> 2KCl + I₂
Cl = 2 Cl = 2
K = 2 K = 2
I = 2 I = 2
4. 2NaCl --> 2Na + Cl₂
Na = 2 Na = 2
Cl = 2 Cl = 2
5. 4Na + O₂ --> 2Na₂O
Na = 4 Na = 4
O = 2 O = 2
6. 2Na + 2HCl --> H₂ + 2NaCl
Na = 2 Na = 2
H = 2 H = 2
Cl = 2 Cl = 2
7. 2K + Cl₂ --> 2KCl
K = 2 K = 2
Cl = 2 Cl = 2
Electrode potential is concentration dependent as it is composed of two half-cells with same electrodes but different concentrations. One acting to dilute a more concentrated solution, while the other concentrates a more diluted solution — which then creates a voltage that is in equilibrium. This why we need both positive and negative sides of a battery as a power source and make something work.
